OPR-P136-RA-16North Coast of Kodiak Island, AKNorth Coast of KodiakNOAA Ship RAINIERH128486Uganik PassageAlaskaUnited States400002016Edward J. Van Den Ameele, CAPT/NOAANavigable Area2016-05-162016-06-132016-06-29Multibeam Echo SounderMultibeam Echo Sounder BackscattermetersUniversal Transverse Mercator (UTM)UTCPacific Hydrographic BranchNOAAThe project area is referred to as Sheet 6: "Uganik Passage" within the Project Instructions. The area is south of Uganik Island, AK.57.8553556389153.38901597257.7918243889153.204131722H12848 survey area as assigned in Project Instructions (Chart 16597_1).SupportFiles\A1 Survey Limits.pngData were acquired within survey limits in accordance with the requirements in the Project Instructions and the HSSD.The purpose of this project is to provide contemporary surveys to update National Ocean Service (NOS) nautical charting products, which will support Kodiak's large fishing fleet and increasing levels of passenger vessel traffic.The entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data.The Finalized CSAR QA tool within Pydro Explorer was used to analyze multibeam echosounder (MBES) data density. All finalized surfaces meet the HSSD data density requirement (Figures 2-5).Pydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD object detection compliance of H12848 MBES data within the 1-meter finalized CUBE surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_1m_MLLW_Final.density.pngPydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD object detection compliance of H12848 MBES data within the 2-meter finalized CUBE surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_2m_MLLW_Final.density.pngPydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD object detection compliance of H12848 MBES data within the 4-meter finalized CUBE surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_4m_MLLW_Final.density.pngPydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD object detection compliance of H12848 MBES data within the 8-meter finalized CUBE surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_8m_MLLW_Final.density.pngInshore limit to 8 meters water depthComplete coverage MB with backscatter (Section 5.2.2.3) or Set Line Spacing MBES or SBES at 100m (HSSD Section 5.2.2.4).Greater than 8 meters water depthComplete Coverage MBES (HSSD Section 5.2.2.3 Option A).Complete multibeam coverage was achieved within the limits of hydrography as defined in the Project Instructions with some exceptions. The following are examples of areas that do not meet the coverage requirement. Coverage did not extend to the 4 meter contour on the northwestern side of the large peninsula in the passage. Due to time constraints and the area being deemed not significant to navigation, survey coverage did not extend to the sheet limits in this area (Figure 6). Coverage did not extend to the 4 meter contour in areas that were deemed unsafe by launch personnel, which includes some shoreline and some rocky features (Figure 7 and 8). Northwestern shore of the peninsula was not completely covered due to time constraints.SupportFiles\Survey_Coverage_Gap.pngComplete coverage was not achieved due to safety concerns.SupportFiles\Survey_Coverage_Gap_2.pngComplete coverage was not achieved over rocky features due to safety concerns.SupportFiles\Survey_Coverage_Gap_3.pngH12848 Survey Coverage (Chart 16597).SupportFiles\A4 Survey Coverage.pngH12848 Geographic Context (Charts 16597 and 16594).SupportFiles\A4 Survey Coverage Small Scale.png2801026.71000000028020110.6400000002803040.2800000002804058.040000017.4700235.670000017.4707.41606508.532016-06-132016-06-142016-06-152016-06-162016-06-222016-06-242016-06-252016-06-262016-06-272016-06-29Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in the following sections.28018.81.128028.81.128038.81.128048.81.119055.70.319065.80.3All data for H12848 were acquired by survey launches 2801, 2802, 2803, and 2804 and skiffs 1905 and 1906. The survey launches acquired MBES depth soundings, backscatter data, and sound speed profiles. The skiffs conducted shoreline verification.ResonSeaBat 7125 SV2MBESResonSeaBat 7125-BMBESResonSVP71Sound Speed SystemSea-Bird ElectronicsSBE 19Plus SEACAT ProfilerConductivity, Temperature, and Depth SensorApplanixPOS-MV V5Positioning and Attitude SystemMultibeam crosslines were acquired using Rainier launch 2804. A 4-meter CUBE surface was created using only mainscheme lines, and a second 4-meter CUBE surface was created using only crosslines. A difference surface was generated from these two surfaces in CARIS HIPS and SIPS at a 4-meter resolution. This difference surface was compared to the IHO allowable total vertical uncertainty (TVU) standards. In total, 98.7% of the depth differences between H12848 mainscheme and crossline data met HSSD TVU standards. This analysis was performed on H12848 data reduced to Mean Lower-Low Water (MLLW) using Ellipsoidally Referenced Zoned Tides (ERZT) methods.Summary table indicating percentage of difference surface nodes between H12848 mainscheme and crossline data that met HSSD allowable TVU standards.SupportFiles\Crossline_Analysis_IHO_Satisfaction.png00.014087ERS via ERZT2801, 2802, 2803, 280430.15Total Propagated Uncertainty (TPU) values for H12848 were derived from a combination of fixed values for equipment and vessel characteristics, as well as field assigned values for sound speed uncertainties. Tidal uncertainties were accounted for by examining the field generated 1000-m separation model and statistically determining a measured uncertainty. The measured tide uncertainty value of 0.014087 meters was entered to account for ERZT processing methods. See the OPR-P136-RA-16 ERS Capability memo included in Supplemental Correspondence for further information. In addition to the usual a priori estimates of uncertainty, some real-time and post processed uncertainty sources were also incorporated into the depth estimates of this survey. Real-time uncertainties from Reson MBES sonars were recorded and applied during post processing. Applanix TrueHeave (POS) files, which record estimates of heave uncertainty, were also applied during post processing. Finally, the post processed uncertainties associated with vessel roll, pitch, yaw and navigation, were applied in CARIS HIPS using SBET / RMS files generated using POSPac software. Uncertainty values of submitted finalized grids were calculated in CARIS HIPS and SIPS using the "Greater of the Two" of uncertainty and standard deviation (scaled to 95%). The Finalized CSAR Surface QA tool within Pydro Explorer was used to analyze H12848 MBES data (Figures 12-15). To visualize where uncertainty requirements were met, for each surface a custom "HSSD Compliance" layer was created, based on the difference between the calculated uncertainty of the nodes and the allowable uncertainty defined in the HSSD. Using this method, areas of concentrated IHO non-compliance were found in the final 2-meter and 4-meter CUBE surface. Nodes that failed TVU compliance were generally in areas of high relief such as steep slopes and over rocky outcroppings.Pydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD uncertainty standards compliance of H12848 1-m finalized surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_1m_MLLW_Final.tvu_qc.pngPydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD uncertainty standards compliance of H12848 2-m finalized surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_2m_MLLW_Final.tvu_qc.pngPydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD uncertainty standards compliance of H12848 4-m finalized surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_4m_MLLW_Final.tvu_qc.pngPydro derived histogram plot showing HSSD uncertainty standards compliance of H12848 8-m finalized surface.SupportFiles\H12848_MB_8m_MLLW_Final.tvu_qc.pngArea of HSSD non-compliance in 2m Final surface.SupportFiles\IHO_Compliance_2m_Final_West.jpgArea of HSSD non-compliance in 2m Final surface.SupportFiles\IHO_Compliance_2m_Final_East.jpgArea of HSSD non-compliance in 4m Final surface.SupportFiles\IHO_Compliance_4m_Final.jpgH12848 junctions with two other surveys, H12919 and H12691, both Rainier surveys. H12919 was acquired concurrently with H12848, while H12691 was acquired in 2015.H12848 Junction Surveys.SupportFiles\H12848_Junctions_2.pngH12691400002015NOAA Ship RAINIERSEOverlap with survey H12691 was approximately 500 meters wide and 350 meters long (Figure 20). Depths in the junction area range from 10 to 75 meters. For the respective depths, the difference surface was compared to the allowable TVU standards specified in the HSSD. Analysis of the absolute difference surface indicated a mean difference of 0.7 meters with a standard deviation of 0.36 meters. In total, 70.2% (Figure 21) of the depth differences between H12848 and junction survey H12691 are within allowable uncertainties. The biggest differences (greater than 1 meter) occurred over slopes.H12848 junction with H12691.SupportFiles\H12848_H12691_Overlap.pngSummary table indicating the percentage of nodes from the junction overlap that met HSSD allowable TVU standards.SupportFiles\H12848_H12691_HSSD_Accuracy.pngH12919400002016NOAA Ship RAINIERNWJunction analysis specifics between H12848 and H12919 are located in the H12919 DR.Sonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR.Inverter shutdownOn June 26th (Day Number 178) at roughly 2130 UTC, launch 2803 experienced an inverter shutdown, which resulted in the loss of power to the acquisition computer, sonar (Reson SeaBat 7125-B), and positioning and attitude sensor (POS MV V5). While the launch was not logging MBES data at the time, processing the data revealed that due to the shutdown the time extents (including the 5 minutes beyond the last logged line) of the POS file did not fully cover the line logged prior to the shutdown, 2803_2016__1782124. No delayed heave file could be applied to that line, however, a SBET could be applied.No Delayed HeaveNo delayed heave was applied to line 2803_2016__1782124 (see section B.2.5 Equipment Effectiveness), but a SBET has been applied. Reviewing the soundings in subset editor revealed consistency with other lines, and so it is included with the final submission surfaces.Sound speed profiles were acquired using the SBE 19plus CTD probes at discrete locations within the survey area at least once every four hours, when significant changes in surface speed were observed, or when surveying a new area. Thirty-eight CTD casts were acquired and applied to H12848 MBES data using the nearest in distance within time (4 hours) method.All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR.All data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR.All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR.Raw Backscatter was logged as a 7k file and will be sent to the Processing Branch. Backscatter was not formally processed by the field unit.CarisHIPS/SIPS9.1.5NOAA Extended Attribute Files V_5_4. All features were processed using CARIS HIPS and SIPS 9.1 and CARIS Notebook 3.1.H12848_MB_1m_MLLWCUBE1-1.36144.96NOAA_1mComplete MBESH12848_MB_2m_MLLWCUBE2-1.16144.96NOAA_2mComplete MBESH12848_MB_4m_MLLWCUBE4-0.76144.85NOAA_4mComplete MBESH12848_MB_8m_MLLWCUBE8-0.57144.95NOAA_8mComplete MBESH12848_MB_1m_MLLW_FinalCUBE1-1.3620NOAA_1mComplete MBESH12848_MB_2m_MLLW_FinalCUBE21840NOAA_2mComplete MBESH12848_MB_4m_MLLW_FinalCUBE43680NOAA_4mComplete MBESH12848_MB_8m_MLLW_FinalCUBE872144.95NOAA_8mComplete MBESAll CARIS CUBE surfaces were created with lines reduced to MLLW via ERZT methods. Ten soundings were designated in accordance with HSSD requirements. The 1-meter grid resolution range was expanded to include the full range of survey coverage. See Supplemental Correspondence for Project Manager approval.Additional information discussing the vertical or horizontal control for this survey can be found in the accompanying HVCR.Mean Lower Low WaterSeldovia945-5500ERS via ERZTH12848_WGS84_MLLW_SEP_1000m.csarEllipsoidally Referenced Zoned Tides (ERZT) methods were used to transform between the ellipsoid and water level data. A 1000-meter resolution separation model between the ellipsoid and MLLW was computed using the real-time position measurements observed during the survey relative to the water line and the loaded TCARI tide file. "GPS tides" were then computed using the above separation model and the corrected GPS-height-to-water level data (SBET). The 1000-meter resolution separation model was generated in WGS84 due to the SBETs being exported in WGS84. For additional information see the OPR-P136-RA-16 ERS Capability Memo included with the supplemental correspondence.World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84(G1674))Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 5 NorthSmart BaseSingle BaseAC38QUARTZ_CRKAK2005AC67PILLARMTN_AK2006AC34OldHarbor_AK2006KOD6KODIAK 6AC39SHUYAKISSPAK2006AC24KINGSALMONAK2006KOD5KODIAK 5AC18Ushagat_IsAK2008AC02AkhiokCorpAK2005The Mids9715Kodiak 313kHzFor real time positioning during data acquisition either WAAS or DGPS was used.Chart comparisons were made using a CARIS sounding and contour layer derived from a 8-meter combined CUBE surface. The contours and soundings were overlaid on the charts and compared for general agreement and to identify areas of significant change.1657628718000052015-042016-04-052016-04-09Chart 16597 covers a small area in the northwestern end of survey H12848. Charted soundings were generally more shallow than H12848 data soundings, and charted contours had general agreement with H12848 contours with the greatest separation roughly 100 meters between the charted 10-fathom contour and H12848 10-fathom contour to the east.Variation between the H12848 and charted 10, 5, and 3-fathom contours.SupportFiles\Chart 16576_1.png16594255378900142015-012016-04-052016-04-09In the area of survey H12848, Chart 16594 has no data to compare to and refers the user to use Chart 16597. Therefore no comparison was made with Chart 16594.16597255980000102015-042016-04-052016-04-09H12848 is dynamic with several large disagreements with Chart 16597. As seen in Figures 23-28 contours and charted soundings can be off by hundreds of meters. The large spacing in charted soundings hid many features, as seen highlighted in Figure 25. The navigable passage between the Uganik Island peninsula and Kodiak Island is shoaler and thinner than charted (Figure 26). In Figures 24, 25, and 28 large discrepancies between charted and H12848 soundings are highlighted in yellow circles. Though these soundings were up to 30 fathoms different than what was charted, they were not chosen as DTONs because they do not pose a danger to surface navigation for the vessel traffic in the area.Charted contours and H12848 contours align poorly.SupportFiles\Chart 16597 Mid North Shallow.pngCharted contours and H12848 contours align poorly.SupportFiles\Chart 16597 Mid North and 50 ftm.pngH12848 10-fathom contour is different than charted, and highlighted area is 35 fathoms shoaler than nearby charted sounding.SupportFiles\Chart 16597 Middle North.pngThe passage by the peninsula is thinner than charted and with soundings shoaler than charted.SupportFiles\Chart 16597 Peninsula Channel.pngCharted sounding is misplaced, and 10-fathom contour poorly aligns with chart along the southern coast.SupportFiles\Chart 16597 SE.png10-fathom contour aligns poorly with chart, and shoaler soundings exist than charted.SupportFiles\Chart 16597 SW.pngUS4AK5QM8000062016-04-172016-04-17falseIn the area of survey H12848, Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) US4AK5QM coincides with Chart 16597, therefore a comparison between H12848 and the ENC is equivalent to the preceding comparison with Chart 16597.No Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey.The Rep (1980) feature was found during shoreline operations and during MBES acquisition (Figure 29). The shoalest acquired sounding is under 0.8 meters.Charted Feature with acquired multibeam coverage.SupportFiles\Charted_Feature.png An uncharted wreck approximately 16 meters long, with a height of 3.7 meters above the sea floor was found in 9 to 10 meters of water. This wreck was observed in the multibeam data and was assigned a critical sounding of 5.1 meters, or 2 fathoms 5 feet. Next to the vessel is a feature that appears to be a fishing outrigger (Figures 30-32).An uncharted wreck located within the northwest corner of sheet H12848.SupportFiles\Overview_Shipwreck.jpgA 2-dimensional subset view of an approximately 16 meter long wreck and a predicted fishing outrigger 12 meters away.SupportFiles\2D View Shipwreck.jpgA backscatter image showing the wreck and predicted fishing outrigger.SupportFiles\Backscatter_Shipwreck.tiff5H12848_DTON2016-08-19H12848_DTONs_22016-08-25Danger to Navigation Reports are included in Appendix II of this report.All shoals and hazardous features were investigated in accordance with the Project Instructions and the HSSD, and are addressed in the Final Feature File submitted with this report.No channels exist for this survey. There are no designated anchorages, precautionary areas, safety fairways, traffic separation schemes, pilot boarding areas, or channel and range lines within the survey limits.Two proposed bottom samples locations were identified in the Project Reference File and six were collected. Samples were collected in the vicinity of the proposed sites and additional sites suggested by the Chief of Party. Acquired bottom samples are addressed with S-57 attribution and recorded in the Final Feature File submitted with this report.Shoreline verification was conducted near predicted low water in accordance with the applicable sections of the NOAA HSSD and FPM. There were 38 assigned features for this survey. All of the assigned features were addressed as required with the S-57 attribution and recorded in the H12848 Final Features File to best represent the features at survey scale. Features found by leveling are referenced to estimated depths that have been corrected using discrete zoning, whereas features found using multibeam coverage have depths referenced to the 1-meter final CUBE surface which was corrected using ERZT methods. The Composite Source File (CSF) and Final Features File have missing SORIND/SORDAT information for 6 land areas (LNDARE) and 24 depth contours (DEPCNT) features. Category of coastline (CATCOA) information is missing for 20 coastline (COALNE) features. See the Separates folder for the QC Tools pdf output for "scan features".No prior survey comparisons exist for this survey.No Aids to navigation (ATONs) exist for this survey.No overhead features exist for this survey.No submarine features exist for this survey.No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey.No platforms exist for this survey.No Significant Features exist for this survey.No present or planned construction or dredging exist within the survey limits.No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area.No new insets are recommended for this area.As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports.All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch.The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys and Specifications Deliverables Manual, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report.Edward J. Van Den Ameele, CAPT/NOAACommanding Officer, NOAA Ship Rainier2016-10-05Steven Loy, LT/NOAAField Operations Officer, NOAA Ship Rainier2016-10-05James B. JacobsonChief Survey Technician, NOAA Ship Rainier2016-10-05Michael G. BloomHydrographic Survey Technician, NOAA Ship Rainier2016-10-05