OPR-T383-RA-19Hawaiian Islands and VicinityHawaiian Islands and VicinityNOAA Ship Rainier (S221)H132777Barbers Point Harbor and VicinityHawaiiUnited States50002019Benjamin K. Evans, CAPT/NOAANavigable Area2019-06-282019-09-182019-09-18Multibeam Echo SounderMultibeam Echo Sounder BackscattermetersUTCPacific Hydrographic BranchThe purpose of this survey is to provide contemporary surveys to update National Ocean Service (NOS) nautical charts. All separates are filed with the hydrographic data. Any revisions to the Descriptive Report (DR) generated during office processing are shown in bold red italic text. The processing branch maintains the DR as a field unit product, therefore, all information and recommendations within the body of the DR are considered preliminary unless otherwise noted. The final disposition of surveyed features is represented in the OCS nautical chart update products. All pertinent records for this survey, including the DR, are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and can be retrieved via http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/.NOAAThe survey is referred to as H13277, "Barbers Point Harbor and Vicinity" (sheet 7), within the Project Instructions. The surveyed area encompasses approximately 4.98 square nautical miles within the sheet limits and an additional 10.42 square nautical miles of extended coverage for a total of 15.5 square nautical miles of Oahu's southeastern coast, extending from Kalaeloa to Kahe Point.21.35158.221.25158.11H13277 assigned survey area (Chart 19362).file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/Survey_Area.JPGData were acquired within the assigned limits as required in the Project Instructions and HSSD unless otherwise noted. The project area is heavily trafficked by container ships, tankers, barges, commercial and recreation fishing vessels, and tourism industry vessels. Barbers Point Harbor has a number of specialized cargo handling facilities such as cement pump system and storage, not found within Honolulu Harbor. It is also home to sport fishing and sightseeing vessels. Despite the volume of maritime traffic, the vast majority of bathymetric data in the project area were acquired prior to 1984. These data will provide modern bathymetry for updating National Ocean Service Nautical charting products as well as support the Seabed 2030 global mapping initiative. Survey data from this project are intended to supersede all prior survey data in the common area. The entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data.QC Tools was used to analyze H13277 multibeam echosounder (MBES) data density. The submitted H13277 variable-resolution (VR) surface met HSSD density requirements as shown in the histograms below. Pydro derived plot showing HSSD density compliance of H13277 finalized variable-resolution MBES data. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/H13277_MB_VR_MLLW_Final.QAv5.density.pngAll waters in survey areaObject Detection Coverage (Refer to HSSD Section 5.2.2.2)Survey coverage was extended beyond the assigned sheet limits as per request of the Commanding Officer as an opportunity to collect additional data in the area; see Figure 7 below for more detail. Object Detection multibeam echosounder (MBES) coverage was acquired to the inshore limit of hydrography, the Navigable Area Limit Line (NALL). As specified in the Project Instructions, the NALL for areas outside of harbors is 10 meters water depth and 3.5 meters water depth inside of harbors. Areas where survey coverage did not reach the assigned sheet limits were due to the survey vessel reaching the extent of safe navigation, or NALL, as shown in Figure 3 below. These areas are characterized as being near shore, subject to dangerous wave action, or other hazards such as docked ships or mooring. Furthermore, the Malakole Harbor was not surveyed because permission to enter the area was not provided by the Harbor Master. All data acquisition for this survey occurred on a single day. Therefore, holidays were not able to be identified within the time constraints of the project. Additionally, the entire surveyed area was processed as Object Detection. As a result, there were 540 certain and 12 possible holidays identified, primarily on the eastern shoalest area of the survey and outside of Barbers Point Harbor (see Figure 4). Review of holidays present in the data were determined to be the result of gaps in coverage, acoustic shadows, and transition in resolution. A majority of the holidays were present in the 9-13 meter depth range where a ledge created acoustic shadows. A significant number of holidays were also created in the 30-40 meter depth range and are believed to be the result of the variable resolution surface transitioning from an object detection resolution to complete coverage. All holidays were reviewed and determined that they do not impede the reliability of the data. Following Rainier’s standard procedure, a submission variable resolution was created using ranges for the estimation method. Unfortunately, this method created false holidays near the junctions of crosslines and mainscheme data where data density was good, as shown in the figure below. After review, these holidays were determined to be a false representation of the actual seafloor in VR surface due to an unknown error caused by using the depth ranges estimation method to create the variable resolution CUBE surface. Increasing the maximum grid size to 128 reduced, but did not eliminate these false holidays. The problem was resolved by creating the variable resolution CUBE surface using the Calder-Rice Density estimation method with HSD recommended settings instead of the typical depth ranges estimation method. Examples of H13277 NALL determination: The black dashed line indicates sheet limits and the green area indicates areas where the 10-meter contour was reached. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/NALL_Ex.JPGAll holidays identified using QC Tools. Holidays shown in black. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/All_Holiday_Ex.JPGExample of false holidays created using depth ranges estimation method. Vessel track lines in green.file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/VRcreated_Holiday_Ex.JPGFalse holidays are no longer present using the Calder-Rice Density estimation method leaving behind only real holidays. Vessel track lines in green.file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/VRcreated_Holiday_gone.jpgH13277 MBES coverage and assigned survey limits. Note areas where survey coverage was extended beyond sheet limits. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/MBES_coverage.JPG2801013.5000005.202803025.900000002804027.2000003.60S221043.000000000109.7000008.908.11000015.52019-09-182019-09-19Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in the following sections.S22170.44.728018.81.128038.81.128048.81.1NOAA Ship RAINIERfile:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/B.1.1%20Vessels%20Rainier.pngRAINIER launch 2801 (RA-4). file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/B.1.1%20Vessels%20Launch.pngAll data for survey H13277 were acquired by NOAA Ship Rainier and Rainier survey launches 2801, 2803, and 2804. The vessels acquired MBES bathymetry, backscatter, and sound velocity profiles. ODIM Brooke OceanMVP200Sound Speed SystemSea-Bird ScientificSBE 19plusConductivity, Temperature, and Depth SensorTeledyne RESONSVP 70Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth SensorApplanixPOS MV 320 v5Positioning and Attitude SystemKongsberg MaritimeEM 710MBESKongsberg MaritimeEM 2040MBESRAINIER launches 2801 and 2804 acquired 8.9 nautical miles of multibeam crosslines across most depth ranges. The hydrographer deems them adequate for verifying and evaluating the internal consistency of H13277 survey data. Crosslines were only acquired within the original survey area due to limited time and depths exceeding the range on the launches. Crosslines were not acquired within the extended survey area. Analysis was performed using the Compare Grids function in Pydro Explorer on finalized VR surfaces of H13277 mainscheme only and crossline data only. 99.5% of nodes met allowable uncertainties for object detection data. For additional results, see plots below. H13277 crossline surface overlaid on mainscheme tracklines.file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/XL_Coverage.JPGPydro derived plot showing percentage-pass value of H13277 mainscheme to crossline data. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/Comp_Dist.pngPydro derived plot showing absolute difference statistics of H13277 mainscheme to crossline data. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/SD.pngERS via VDATUM00.10S221N/A10.052801, 2803, 28043N/A0.05Derived Total Propagated Uncertainty (TPU) values for survey H13277 are based on a combination of equipment specifications and capabilities, and vessel characteristics. The tidal uncertainty used for this survey was provided in the project instructions for the NOAA Ellipsoidal Referenced Tidal Datum Model (ERTDM). In addition, real-time and post-processed uncertainty sources were incorporated into the depth estimates of this survey. The real-time uncertainties for position, navigation, attitude, and vessel motion data were applied during acquisition and initially in post-processing. Then, POSPac MMS software was used to generate SBET and RMS files with attitude, GPS height, and position uncertainties, which supersede real-time POS MV data when applied in CARIS HIPS. Uncertainty values of the submitted finalized grid were calculated in CARIS using "Greater of the Two" of uncertainty and standard deviation (scaled to 95%). Grid QA v5 within Pydro QC Tools was used to analyze H13277 TVU compliance. H13277 met HSSD requirements in over 99.5 percent of grid nodes, which is shown in the histogram plot below."Pydro derived plot showing TVU compliance of H13277 finalized multi-resolution MBES data.file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/H13277_MB_VR_MLLW_Final.QAv5.tvu_qc.pngSonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR. None ExistThere were no conditions or deficiencies that affected equipment operational effectiveness.None ExistThere were no other factors that affected corrections to soundings.Launches took casts at lease once every four hours (before MBES acquisition, middle of the day, and near the end of the day). Fifteen sound speed profiles were acquired for this survey at discrete locations within the survey area at least one every four hours, when significant changes in surface sound speed were observed, or when operating in a new area. For MBES operations for S221, sound speed profiles were acquired using Odim Brooke Ocean MVP200. Launch sound speed profiles were acquired using Sea-Bird 19plus SEACAT Profilers. Two additional sound speed profiles were retrieved from the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) 09 Database in Sound Speed Manager and added to the master file applied to MBES data. The WOA profiles were added to correct sound speed issues caused by a lack of sound speed data in depths greater than 250 meters. All casts were concatenated into a master file and applied to MBES data using the "Nearest distance within time (4 hours)" profile selection method. H13277 sound speed cast locations. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/Sound_Speed_Casts.JPGAll sound speed profiles applied to MBES data. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/Sound_Speed_profiles.JPGAll equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. All data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR. All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR.Raw backscatter data were acquired as .all files for delivery to NOAA's Pacific Hydrographic Branch. Backscatter data were processed by the field unit and mosaics generated. One mosaic per vessel per frequency has been delivered with this report. All backscatter processing procedures utilized follow those detailed in the DAPR. Software used to process and produce backscatter mosaics were Fledermaus Geocoder Toolbox version 7.8.1. Overview of H13277 backscatter mosaics.file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/Backscatter.JPGCARISHIPS and SIPS11.1QPSFledermaus Geocoder Tool Box (FMGT)7.8.1NOAA Profile 2019 v2H13277_MB_VR_MLLWCARIS VR Surface (CUBE)Variable Resolution2.061030.21NOAA_VRObject DetectionH13277_MB_VR_MLLW_FinalCARIS VR Surface (CUBE)Variable Resolution2.061030.21NOAA_VRObject DetectionSubmitted surfaces were generated using the recommended parameters for depth-based (Rangers) Caris variable-resolution bathymetric grids as specified in HSSD 2019. Pydro QC Tools 2 Detect Fliers was used with default settings to find fliers in a finalized VR surface. Obvious noise was rejected by the hydrographer in Caris Subset Editor. After data cleaning, Detect Fliers was run again and found 9 certain fliers, these were investigated and found to be false positives. The results of the Detect Fliers tool are included as .000 files in the Separates section of this report. All MBES bathymetry were acquired relative to the ellipsoid and reduced to MLLW via ERTDM. Mean Lower Low WaterERS via ERTDMOPR-T383-RA-19_ERTDM_NAD83(2011)_MLLW_Extended2North American Datum 1983Projected UTM 4RTXThe Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) was used for real-time horizontal control during data acquisition. Post Processed-Real-Time (PP-RTX) processing methods were used in Applanix POSPac MMS 8.3 SP3 software to produce SBETs for post-processing horizontal correction. Vertical Offset Issue in Section of DataAfter initial processing a vertical offset was observed in line 0001_20190918_182144_2803_400S_261, located inside the Barbers Point Harbor. The offset was inspected and the cause determined to be an unknown issue with the SBET. The SBET was corrected using PPK and a Honolulu station of the WAAS network. This reduced the apparent offset to under 10cm. See figures below. Approximate location of where the vertical offset issue was. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/location_of_offset.JPGExample of the vertical offset prior to reapplying the corrected SBET. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/offset_before.JPGThe surface after the SBET was reapplied. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/offset_after.JPGA comparison was made between H13277 survey data and Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) US4HA51M and US5HA42M using CUBE finalized VR surfaces, selected soundings and contours created in Caris Hips. US4HA51M80000282019-06-212019-08-30falseENC US4HA51M covers all of survey H13277. A comparison between H13277 derived contours and ENC US4HA51M revealed the following: H13277 10-fathom, 50-fathom, and 100-fathom survey contour lines are in general agreement with the ENC depth curves across the survey area. The 3-fathom contour line depicted on the ENC was not covered in the H13277 data collected, therefore a comparison for the 3-fathom contour line is not provided. H13277 data did not reveal any uncharted shoals. Section of ENC US4HA51M overlaid with survey contours derived from H13277. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/US4HA51M_contours.JPGUS5HA52M20000172017-08-302019-08-30falseA comparison between H13277 derived survey contour and ENC US5HA52M revealed the following: H13277 3-fathom and 5-fathom survey depth curve is incomplete, however where comparison was possible the lines are in general agreement with the ENC depth curves. The 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200-fathom survey contour lines are in general agreement with the ENC depth curves. H13277 data did not reveal any uncharted shoals. Section of ENC US5HA52M overlaid with 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200-fathom survey contours derived from H13277. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/US5HA52M_contours_1.JPGSection of ENC US5HA52M overlaid with 3 and 5-fathom survey contours derived from H13277. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/US5HA52M_contours_2.JPGNo Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey.Features have been updated as required. A charted feature is reported on Chart 19362 as a submerged buoy at 7.5 fathoms. This reported feature was not identified during acquisition or analysis of MBES data. Further investigation is recommended to determine whether the charting of this submerged buoy is based on a permit or the placement of the buoy is seasonal. See Final Feature File for more information. Reported charted feature disproved with MBES data. file:///K:/Projects/2019_Projects/OPR-T383-RA-19_Hawaiian%20Islands%20and%20Vicinity/Survey/H13277_Barbers_Pt_Harbor_Vicinity/Descriptive_Report/Report/Images/disproved_charted_feature.JPGNo uncharted features exist for this survey.Shoals or potentially hazardous features exist for this survey, but were located significantly inshore of the NALL and therefore not investigated. MBES data was collected for one fairway located within the survey area. There were no significant deviations from the charted depths identified. No bottom samples were required for this survey.Due to time constraints, formal shoreline verification was not conducted in accordance with applicable sections of NOAA HSSD and FPM. The only features investigated were those located within obtained MBES coverage and assigned ATONS that were observed while collecting MBES data. Assigned features were addressed and recorded as applicable in the H13277_Final_Feature_File to best represent the features at chart scale. This file includes recommendations to update, retain, or delete assigned features.Aids to navigation (ATONS) are located within the survey area. Assigned ATONS bordering the main channel were visually confirmed and all necessary updates were made in the Final Feature File. ATONS within the Malakole Harbor were not investigated because permission to enter the harbor was not provided. See Final Feature File for additional information. Do not concur. A MORFAC feature located within the survey extents (21 20.36, -158 08.23) was not addressed by the field despite being located <30m from 3 different survey lines. No overhead features exist for this survey.Submarine features exist for this survey, but were not observed in MBES data collected.No platforms exist for this survey.No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey.No abnormal seafloor and/or environmental conditions exist for this survey.No present or planned construction or dredging exist within the survey limits.No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area.It is recommended that an inset is created for Malakole Harbor and Barbers Point Harbor to provide greater detail of the depths within the harbors. As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports.All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch.The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report.Samuel F. Greenaway, CDR/NOAACommanding Officer2020-02-24Hadley A. Owen, LT/NOAAField Operations Officer2020-02-24James B. JacobsonChief Survey Technician2020-02-24Melissa A. WeberSheet Manager2020-02-24