No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area.Two assigned bridges in the northern portion of Honolulu Harbor were confirmed to exist. The survey party was unable to acquire bathymetric data beneath, nor verify the charted clearance values of these bridges.Numerous submarine cables and pipelines exist within the survey area. These have been investigated with appropriate S-57 attribution added to the Final Feature File. See Final Feature File for more information.No abnormal seafloor and/or environmental conditions exist for this survey.Construction has begun on a new container handling and storage facility to the north of berth 40D in Honolulu Harbor. Additionally, dredging of the waterfront area between berth 45 and 40D will begin as soon as 2020 and dredging of the Honolulu Channel between buoys 2 and 6 will begin within the next 12 months. For more information see email messages and attachments in the descriptive report appendices.Location of new cargo handling and storage facility (Chart 19367).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_New_Fac_Constr.PNGLocation of future dredging operation (Chart 19367).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Honolulu_Channel_Dredge.PNGNo platforms exist for this survey.No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey.All aids to navigation were on station and serving their intended purposes. No new insets are recommended for this area.Limited shoreline verification was conducted only on ATONs and features within the MBES coverage of H13278 using the Composite Source File (CSF) provided by NOAA HSD Operations Branch. Non-completion of shoreline verification was due to time constraints and lack of access to shoreline features. In the field, all assigned features that were investigated were addressed as required with S-57 attribution and recorded in the H13278 Final Feature File (FFF) to best represent features at chart scale. This file also includes new wrecks and obstructions which are discussed in the "Uncharted Features" section above as well as recommendations to update, retain, or delete assigned features. See Final Feature File for more information. Both of the ship piers at the NOAA Inouye Regional Center (IRC) have mooring dolphins with connecting catwalks at each end as shown in the image below. In total there are four dolphins and they are currently uncharted. The hydrographer recommends that build plans for these dolphins and pier additions be obtained and the uncharted dolphins be added to the chart. Both Honolulu Harbor, and to a lesser degree Pearl Harbor are strewn with man-made debris. While most of this debris did not rise to the level of obstructions and require designation and addition to the final feature file, the debris is evident in the surfaces submitted with this survey. Examples of identifiable items not incorporated into the FFF include many large sunken tires (image below), presumably used as fenders and lost from piers or mooring vessels. More identifiable debris (image below) include the apparent remains of sunken piers roughly 0.2 – 0.3 meters high. These sunken piers are located off the end of the marina piers located in the Ke'ehi Lagoon barge channel. Ship piers at the NOAA Inouye Regional Center with red arrows pointing to four uncharted dolphins with associated catwalks.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/irc-campus-30-acres-with-arrows.pngAn example of uncharted man-made debris, a sunken tire presumably used as a fender and lost.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/example%20pt6high%20tire.pngAnother example of uncharted man-made debris, presumed floating pier ruins found near end of the marina docks located in the Ke'ehi Lagoon barge channel.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/example%20pt3-4high%20docks.pngA comparison was made between H13278 survey data and Electronic Navigation Charts (ENC) US5HA54M and (ENC) US5HA55M using CUBE surfaces and contours created in Caris. Both charts were required for complete coverage of the survey area.No Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey.ENC US5HA55M covers the Honolulu Harbor portion of the H13278 survey area. H13278 three and five-fathom contours generally agreed with the ENC and were primarily situated offshore of the charted depth curves. The hydrographer recommends using the new contours to update the charted depth curves.292019-09-04US5HA55M50002019-09-04falseENC US5HA55M overlaid with H13278 three and five-fathom contours showing agreement with charted depth curves.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Chart_Comp_Honolulu_Agreement.PNGENC US5HA54M covers the Pearl Harbor portion of the H13278 survey area. H13278 three and five-fathom contours generally agreed with the ENC and were generally inshore of the charted depth curves.The hydrographer recommends using the new contours to update the charted depth curves. 292019-10-23US5HA54M50002019-10-23falseENC US5HA54M overlaid with H13278 three and five-fathom contours showing agreement with charted depth curves. file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Chart_Comp_Pearl_Harbor_Agreement.PNGNo bottom samples were required for this survey. See Final Feature File for more information. On the eastern edge of ‘Aiea Bay, the geographic name “CINCPACFLT Landing” should be changed to “COMPACFLT Landing”. The title Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (CINCPACFLT) was changed to Commander, U.S. Pacific Fleet (COMPACFLT) at the direction of the Secretary of Defense on Oct. 24, 2002. Location of “CINCPACFLT Landing” that should be changed to “COMPACFLT Landing”file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/Landing.pngFifteen uncharted features consisting of seven obstructions and eight dangerous wrecks were observed during acquisition and were attributed and added to the Final Feature File. See Final Feature File for more information.Six uncharted obstructions and one foul area were found during office review and were attributed and imported into the Final Feature File.H13278 includes three USACE maintained channels and two turning basins. Surveyed soundings were compared to the charted depth range values in DRGARE (dredge areas) of the ENC. Charted depth range values were not necessarily uniform throughout an entire dredge area. As many as four separate dredge areas, each with different depth range value could make up a channels or turning basin. Both of the turning basins, the Keehi Lagoon Barge Channel Turning Basin and the Kalihi Emergency Turning Basin depth areas were well charted with shoaling seen only on the extreme outer edges of the basins. The Keehi Lagoon Barge Channel and Honolulu Channel Range were well charted, with no evidence of shoaling in the channel. Kalihi Channel shows minor mid-channel shoaling (5-cm maximum) between buoys 3 and 4 as seen in the image below.Kalihi channel, made up of four individual dredge areas running north-south. The areas in red (see arrow) within the two inner dredge areas is shoaler than minimum 10.6 meter depth range value. The outer two dredge areas have a minimum 9.4 meter depth range value and are unaffected by shoaling.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/Kalihi%20channel%20shoal.png No shoals or potentially hazardous features were identified in the survey area that are not discussed elsewhere in this report or included in the H13278 Final Feature File. No Danger to Navigation reports were submitted for this survey.Multibeam data for this survey were acquired and processed using object detection settings. Sonar frequency and pulse length were set at 400kHz and short pulse length for the entirety of the survey. Pydro QC Tools Grid QA V5 was used to analyze H13278 multibeam echosounder (MBES) data density. The submitted H13278 finalized variable-resolution (VR) surface met HSSD density and object detection resolution requirements. See section A.4 Survey Coverage for more information.Pydro derived plot showing HSSD data density compliance of H13278 finalized variable-resolution MBES data. file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_Final.QAv5.density.pngPydro derived plot showing HSSD data coverage compliance of H13278 finalized variable-resolution MBES data. file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_Final.QAv5.pct_res.obj_det.pngThe entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data.Complete multibeam echosounder (MBES) coverage was acquired to the inshore sheet limit or the Navigable Area Limit Line (NALL) with the exception of the areas depicted in the figure below. The NALL is defined as the most seaward of the following: the surveyed 3.5-meter depth contour, the line defined by the distance seaward from observed MHW line which is equivalent to 0.8 millimeters at chart scale, or the inshore limit of safe navigation. The Pydro "Detect Holidays" program was used to scan for holidays. Thirty-seven holidays were detected using the "object detection" setting. These holidays appear to be due to lack of overlap during data acquisition and acoustic shadows. No navigationally significant features were apparent in the area of the holidays; least depths are believed to be represented. Total coverage as well as these holidays are depicted in the images below.H13278 coverage and NALL determination of Pearl Harbor (Chart 19366).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Pearl_Harbor_Coverage_Overview.PNGH13278 coverage and NALL determination of Honolulu Harbor (Chart 19367).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Honolulu_Coverage_Overview.PNGH13278 holiday due to poor data acquisition overlap.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Holiday_Overview_Overlap.PNGH13278 holiday due to acoustic shadow.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Holiday_Overview_Shadow.PNGAll waters in survey areaObject Detection Coverage (Refer to HSSD Section 5.2.2.2)All waters in survey areaAcquire backscatter data during all multibeam data acquisition (Refer to HSSD Section 6.2)This survey area is referred to as H13278, "Honolulu Harbor" (sheet 8) in the project instructions. The assigned survey area encompasses 1.504 square nautical miles of Honolulu Harbor and select areas of Pearl Harbor.21.3761555556158.00200277821.2848333333157.855483333H13278 Pearl Harbor survey area and survey limits (in green) (Chart 19366).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Survey_Area_Pearl_Harbor.PNGH13278 Honolulu Harbor survey area (in red) and survey limits (in green) (Chart 19367).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Survey_Area_Honolulu.PNG28010078.960.430000028030050.953.850000028040015.363.380000000145.277.6600.052700002019-07-102019-07-122019-07-132019-07-182019-08-272019-08-282019-08-292019-08-302019-09-022019-09-032019-09-042019-09-052019-09-060001.5040Data were acquired within the survey limits as described above, and in additional areas north of Ford Island and the channel approaching the COMPACFLT boathouse in 'Aiea Bay. Data were acquired to specifications as determined by the HSSD, unless otherwise noted in this report.Oahu's Honolulu Harbor is the main port of the state of Hawaii and handles over 11 million tons of cargo annually. It is home to cruise ship terminals, inter-island cargo terminals, container terminals, a US Coast Guard station, commercial fishing boats, and fuel storage facilities. Despite the volume of maritime traffic, the vast majority of bathymetric data in the H13278 survey area were acquired prior to 1984. Survey H13278 will provide modern bathymetry for updating National Ocean Service Nautical charting products as well as support the Seabed 2030 global mapping initiative. Several areas of the Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam (JBPHH) naval station water space were surveyed on behalf of the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) Hawaii. The NAVFAC requested survey areas encompassing pier spaces and adjacent waters of the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard, South East Loch ship and submarine piers, West Loch ammunition handling pier, Pearl City peninsula piers, and the Waipio Point barge mooring area. These surveys were requested as part of the NAVFAC Pearl Harbor Shipyard Infrastructure Optimization Plan (SIOP) and the JBPHH Integrated Natural Resource Management Plan (INRMP). Both SIOP and INRMP are ongoing efforts to maintain, repair, and replace the harbor infrastructure for military use as well as manage and conserve natural resources within the Pearl Harbor complex for cultural and environmental purposes. Survey data from H13278 is intended to supersede all prior survey data in the survey area. Hawaiian Islands and VicinityHawaiian Islands and VicinityOPR-T383-RA-19NOAA Ship Rainier (S221)8Honolulu HarborH13278Prioritize the Naval Facility areas first, then areas outside of USACE channels5000HawaiiUnited StatesNOAAMultibeam Echo SounderMultibeam Echo Sounder BackscattermetersNavigable AreaThe purpose of this survey is to provide contemporary surveys to update National Ocean Service (NOS) nautical charts. All separates are filed with the hydrographic data. Any revisions to the Descriptive Report (DR) generated during office processing are shown in bold red italic text. The processing branch maintains the DR as a field unit product, therefore, all information and recommendations within the body of the DR are considered preliminary unless otherwise noted. The final disposition of surveyed features is represented in the OCS nautical chart update products. All pertinent records for this survey, including the DR, are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and can be retrieved via http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/.Pacific Hydrographic BranchBenjamin K. Evans, CAPT/NOAA2019-09-012019UTC2019-07-102019-09-06All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR.H13278 Pearl Harbor sound speed cast locations.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_SVP_Pearl_Harbor.PNGH13278 Honolulu Harbor sound speed cast locations.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_SVP_Honolulu.PNGFifty sound speed profiles were acquired for this survey at discrete locations within the survey area at least once every four hours, when significant changes to surface sound speed were observed, or when operating in a new area. Sound speed profiles were acquired using Sea- Bird Scientific SBE 19plus profilers. All casts were concatenated into a master file and applied using the "Nearest distance within time (4 hours)" profile selection method. There were no conditions or deficiencies that affected equipment operational effectiveness.None ExistSonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR.Total Propagated Uncertainty (TPU) values for survey H13278 were derived from a combination of fixed values for equipment and vessel characteristics, as well as from field assigned values for sound speed uncertainties. The uncertainty value of NOAA's Ellipsoidally-Referenced Tidal Datum Model (ERTDM) was documented in metadata that accompanied the ERTDM. In addition to the usual a priori estimates of uncertainty, some real-time and post-processed uncertainty sources were also incorporated into the depth estimates of this survey. Real-time uncertainties from Applanix POS MV position, navigation, attitude, and vessel motion data were applied during acquisition and initially in post processing. However, the SBET and RMS files, which were generated using POSPac MMS software and applied in CARIS HIPS to supersede POS MV data have post-processed uncertainties associated with corrected position including height. Uncertainty values of the submitted finalized grid were calculated in CARIS using "Greater of the Two" of uncertainty and standard deviation (scaled to 95%). "Grid QA" within Pydro QC Tools was used to analyze H13278 Total Vertical Uncertainty (TVU) compliance; a histogram plot of the results is shown below. Pydro derived plot showing TVU compliance of H13278 finalized variable resolution MBES data.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_Final.QAv5.tvu_qc.pngERS via ERTDM00.10N/A2801, 2803, 28040.053N/ARAINIER launches 2801 (RA-4), 2803 (RA-3), and 2804 (RA-6) acquired 7.66 nautical miles of MBES crosslines across all depth ranges and water masses. H13278 crossline data is adequate for verifying and evaluating the internal consistency of survey data. The "Compare Grids" function in Pydro Explorer was used to analyze a finalized VR surface of H13278 crossline only data and a finalized VR surface of H13278 mainscheme-only data. In the difference surface, 99.5% of nodes met IHO allowable Total Vertical Uncertainty (TVU) standards.H13278 crossline VR crossline surface overlaid on mainscheme tracklines-Pearl Harbor.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_XL_Pearl_Harbor.PNGH13278 crossline VR crossline surface overlaid on mainscheme tracklines-Honolulu Harbor.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_XL_Honolulu.PNGPydro derived plot showing node percentage-pass value of H13278 mainscheme to crossline data.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_XL_Final-H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_MS_Final_fracAllowErr_Freq.pngPydro derived plot showing absolute difference statistics of H13278 mainscheme to crossline data.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_XL_Final-H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_MS_Final_depth_delta.pngH13278 junctions with H12047, a survey conducted in 2009 by the R/V Ahi out of the the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), University of Hawai'i. The relative geographic extents of H12047 and H13278 are illustrated in the figure below. H13278/H12047 junction.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Junction_Overview.PNGThe junction with survey H12047 encompassed 0.301 square nautical miles at the southern boundary of H13278. A comparison was made between H13278 and H12047 4 meter finalized surfaces using the Pydro Explorer "Compare Grids" function. The results are shown in the figures below. Additionally, the "Difference" function creates a difference surface from which statistics were derived. The computed statistics indicated the average difference in depth between H13278 and H12047 was 0.21 meters with a standard deviation of 0.30 meters. Although there appears to be a definite bias between junction survey H12047 and H13278, due to the modern control and error modeling applied to H13278 the hydrographer recommends H13278 data should supersede the junction survey in their common area.H13278/H12047 junction. Higher than allowable uncertainty junction nodes are shown in blue, those meeting uncertainty standards are green.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Junction_Analysis.PNGPydro derived plot showing H13278/H12047 variable-resolution surface comparison statistics.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H12047_4m_Combined_MLLW_4of4-H13278_MB_4m_MLLW_Final_depth_delta.pngPydro derived plot showing H13278/H12047 variable-resolution surface comparison statistics. file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H12047_4m_Combined_MLLW_4of4-H13278_MB_4m_MLLW_Final_fracAllowErr_Freq.pngR/V AhiS2500H120472009There were no other factors that affected corrections to soundings.None ExistSubmitted surfaces were generated using the recommended parameters for depth-based (Ranges) Caris variable-resolution bathymetric grids as specified in HSSD 2019. The Pydro QC Tools "Detect Fliers" program with object detection settings was used to identify fliers in the data; obvious noise was rejected. Upon completion of multiple iterations of this process, Detect Fliers was run again, resulting in 4 fliers remaining. These false fliers are the result of abrupt changes in bathymetry such as the submerged piling in the figure below. Results from Pydro QC tools are included in the Separates section of this report. Fifteen soundings were designated for this survey, eight of which were for newly identified dangerous wrecks based upon the parameters set in Field Procedure Manual (FPM) section 7.23 and seven were for newly identified obstructions. No Dangers to Navigation (DTONs) were identified within the survey area.Example of H13278 false flier embedded within submerged piling soundings.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_False_Flier_Overview.PNGCARIS VR Surface (CUBE)H13278_MB_VR_MLLWVariable ResolutionObject DetectionNOAA_VR25.601.26CARIS VR Surface (CUBE)H13278_MB_VR_MLLW_FinalVariable ResolutionObject DetectionNOAA_VR25.601.04HIPS and SIPS11.1.03CARISFledermaus Geocoder Tool Box (FMGT)7.8.1QPSNOAA Profile Version 2019v1Raw backscatter data were acquired as .all files logged during MBES operations and subsequently processed by RAINIER personnel. The .GSF files created during processing and one backscatter mosaic per vessel per frequency have been delivered with this report. Backscatter processing procedures utilized followed those detailed in the DAPR.Overview of H13278 backscatter mosaics-Pearl Harbor (chart 19366). Assigned sheet limits shown in green.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Backscatter_Pearl_Harbor.PNGOverview of H13278 backscatter mosaics-Honolulu Harbor (chart 19367). Assigned sheet limits shown in green.file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/H13278_Backscatter_Honolulu.PNGAll data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR.All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR.Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in the following sections.All data for H13278 were acquired by NOAA Ship RAINIER survey launches 2801, 2803, and 2804. These vessels acquired depth soundings, backscatter imagery, and sound speed profiles. Limited shoreline feature verification was also conducted from these launches.NOAA Ship RAINIER Survey launch 2803 (RA-3).file:///M:/OPRT383RA19/Surveys/H13278/Office_Processing/Reports_office/Descriptive_Report/Report/SupportFiles/2803.jpg28018.81.128038.81.128048.81.1Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a comprehensive description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control, and processing methods. Additional information to supplement soundings and other survey data and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in this report.POS MV 320 v5Positioning and Attitude SystemApplanixEM 2040MBESKongsberg MaritimeSBE 19plus V2Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth SensorSea-Bird ScientificSVP 70Sound Speed SystemTeledyne RESONAdditional information discussing the vertical or horizontal control for this survey can be found in the accompanying 2019 DAPR.Mean Lower Low WaterERS via ERTDMOPR-T383-RA-19_ERDTM_NAD83(2011)_MLLW_Extended2.csarThe Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) was used for real-time horizontal and vertical control during data acquisition.Projected UTM 4Precise Positioning-Real Time Extended (PP-RTX) processing methods were used in Applanix POSPac MMS 8.2.1 software to produce SBETs for post-processing horizontal correction.RTXNorth American Datum 1983The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report.As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports.All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch.Samuel F. Greenaway, CDR/NOAACommanding Officer2020-01-21Hadley A. Owen, LT/NOAAField Operations Officer2020-01-21James B. JacobsonChief Survey Technician2020-01-21Carl R. StedmanSheet Manager2020-01-21