OPR-W386-TJ-22 Approaches to Cleveland, OH Lake Erie NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson (S222) H13617 12 Survey reserved for DriX operations. 4 NM North of Lorain Harbor Ohio United States 10000 2022 Matthew J. Jaskoski, CDR/NOAA Navigable Area 2022-04-19 2022-05-17 2022-06-26 Multibeam Echo Sounder Multibeam Echo Sounder Backscatter meters UTC Atlantic Hydrographic Branch Any revisions to the Descriptive Report (DR) applied during office processing are shown in red italic text. The DR is maintained as a field unit product, therefore all information and recommendations within this report are considered preliminary unless otherwise noted. The final disposition of survey data is represented in the NOAA nautical chart products. All pertinent records for this survey are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and can be retrieved via https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/. Products created during office processing were generated in NAD83 UTM 17N, LWD - IGLD 1985. All references to other horizontal or vertical datums in this report are applicable to the processed hydrographic data provided by the field unit. CC0-1.0 (NOAA Field Units) CC0-1.0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode These data were produced by NOAA and are in the public domain within the United States. NOAA waives any potential copyright and related rights in these data worldwide through the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0). NOAA Survey H13617, located 4NM North of Lorain Harbor in Lake Erie, OH, was conducted in accordance with coverage requirements set forth in the Project Instructions (PI) OPR-W386-TJ-22. The survey area is approximately 40 square nautical miles. 41.57732777777778 82.27779444444444 41.53619722222222 81.99079444444445 Survey layout for H13617, plotted over ENC US4OH01M. Orange outline represents the survey limits set forth in the Project Instructions. SupportFiles\H13617_Coverage_Overview.png 42.55 square nautical miles of survey data were acquired in accordance with the requirements set forth by the PI and the 2022 Hydrographic Survey Specifications and Deliverables (HSSD) (Figure 1). The Port of Cleveland is one of the largest ports on the Great Lakes and ranks within the top 50 ports in the United States. Roughly 13 million tons of cargo are transported through Cleveland Harbor each year supporting over 20,000 jobs and $3.5 billion in annual economic activity.(1) This project will provide modern bathymetric data for the Cleveland area as well as the vicinity of South Bass Island and Presque Isle. The project area was identified as a statistically significant hot spot within the 2018 hydrographic health model, a risk model that Coast Survey uses for evaluating priorities based upon navigational risks and the necessary quality of data to support modern traffic. Most of this area has not been surveyed since the 1940s, and experiences significant vessel traffic. Conducting a modern bathymetric survey in this area will identify hazards and changes to the seafloor, provide critical data for updating National Ocean Service (NOS) nautical charting products and improve maritime safety. Survey data from this project is intended to supersede all prior survey data in the common area. 1 https://www.portofcleveland.com/ The entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data. Data acquired in H13617 meet complete coverage requirements as specified by the 2022 HSSD with complete multibeam echo sounder (MBES) coverage (see Section 5.2.2.3, Option A). This includes crosslines (see Section 5.2.4.2), NOAA allowable uncertainty (see Section 5.1.3), and density requirements (see Section 5.2.2.3, Option A). All waters in survey area Complete Coverage (Refer to HSSD Section 5.2.2.3) All waters in survey area Acquire backscatter data during all multibeam data acquisition (Refer to 2022 HSSD Section 6.2) Survey coverage is in accordance with requirements listed in the 2022 HSSD. Coverage requirements were met with 100% multibeam echosounder (MBES) coverage with contacts and features developed to complete coverage specifications. One small holiday exists in the coverage achieved for H13617, outside of the assigned sheet limits (Figure 2). Due to the location of the holiday outside of the sheet limits, and since the hydrographer deemed it not navigationally significant, the holiday was not collected. Holiday in coverage acquired by H13617. Orange line represents assigned sheet limits. SupportFiles\H13617_Holiday.png S222 0.0 2209.18 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 86.45 0.0 0.0 2209.18 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 86.45 0.0 3.91 9 0 0 0 42.55 2022-05-17 2022-05-18 2022-05-19 2022-05-20 2022-05-21 2022-05-22 2022-05-23 2022-05-24 2022-05-25 2022-05-26 2022-05-27 2022-06-15 2022-06-16 2022-06-17 2022-06-20 2022-06-21 2022-06-22 2022-06-26 MBES data acquisition started on 05/17/2022 and ended on 06/26/2022. Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in the following sections. S222 63.4 4.6 NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson (S222) SupportFiles\S222.png MBES Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040 MBES Backscatter Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor AML Oceanographic MVP200 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor AML Oceanographic MVP-X Sound Speed System Valeport Thru-Hull SVS Positioning and Attitude System Applanix POS MV 320 v5 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 19plus V2 Vessel configurations, equipment operations, data acquisition, and processing were consistent with specifications described in the DAPR. Hydrographic survey vessel S222 collected 86.45 linear nautical miles of MBES crosslines, or 3.91% of mainscheme MBES data. The crosslines acquired represent good spatial diversity for this survey area (Figure 4). A 1m gridded Combined Uncertainty and Bathymetry Estimator (CUBE) surface of mainscheme data and a 1m gridded CUBE surface of crossline data were differenced; the resulting mean was 0.02m with a standard deviation of 0.07m (Figure 5). 100% of nodes are compliant with fraction of allowable error standards (Figure 6). Visual inspection of the differenced surfaces indicated no systematic issues. H13617 MBES crossline data, shown in fraction of allowable error difference statistics, overlaid on mainscheme data, shown in greyscale, plotted on ENC US4OH01M. SupportFiles\H13617_XL_Comparison_Grayscale.png H13617 crossline/mainscheme comparison statistics. SupportFiles\H13617_Mainscheme_XLs_Difference_surface_Compute_statistics.png H13617 crossline fraction of allowable error statistics. SupportFiles\H13617_XL_Comparison_Comparison_Distribution.png ERS via VDATUM 0.0 0.045 S222 4 4 N/A 0.2 The bathymetric surface's uncertainty layer is compliant with 2022 HSSD uncertainty standards. 100% of all nodes pass uncertainty standards (Figure 7). H13617 uncertainty standards. SupportFiles\H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final.QAv6.tvu_qc.png Survey H13617 junctions with three contemporary sheets within the OPR-W386-TJ-22 project: H13614, H13616, and H13687. H13616 5000 2022 NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson E The eastern edge of sheet H13617 junctions with sheet H13616. A 1m Single Resolution (SR) CUBE surface of H13617 data and a 1m SR CUBE surface of H13616 data were differenced (Figure 8). The mean difference between bathymetric surface nodes was 0.01m with a standard deviation of 0.06m (Figure 9). 99.5+% of nodes are compliant with fraction of allowable error standards (Figure 10). Statistics and visual inspection indicate that surveys H13617 and H13616 are in general agreement. Fraction of allowable error surface difference comparison in color between H13617 and H13616, plotted over ENC US4OH01M. SupportFiles\H13617-H13616_Junction_Comparison_closeup.png H13617 and H13616 surface difference comparison statistics. SupportFiles\Junction_Comparison_H13616-H13617_Statistics.png H13617 and H13616 fraction of allowable error statistics. SupportFiles\Junction_Comparison_H13616-H13617-H13616_Junction_Comparison_H13617_fracAllowErr_Freq.png H13614 5000 2022 NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson S The southern edge of sheet H13617 junctions with sheet H13614. A 1m SR CUBE surface of H13617 data and a 1m SR CUBE surface of H13614 data were differenced (Figure 11). The mean difference between bathymetric surface nodes was 0.06m with a standard deviation of 0.06m (Figure 12). 99.5+% of nodes are compliant with fraction of allowable error standards (Figure 13). Statistics and visual inspection indicate that surveys H13617 and H13614 are in general agreement. Fraction of allowable error surface difference comparison in color between H13617 and H13614, plotted over ENC US4OH01M. SupportFiles\Junction_Comparison_H13614-H13617.png H13617 and H13614 surface difference comparison statistics. SupportFiles\H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final-H13614_LWD_depth_delta.png H13617 and H13614 fraction of allowable error statistics. SupportFiles\H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final-H13614_LWD_fracAllowErr_Freq.png H13687 10000 2022 NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson N The northern edge of sheet H13617 junctions with sheet H13687. A 1m SR CUBE surface of H13617 data and a 2m SR CUBE surface of H13687 data were differenced (Figures 14 and 15). The mean difference between bathymetric surface nodes was 0.07m with a standard deviation of 0.04m (Figure 16). 99.5+% of nodes are compliant with fraction of allowable error standards (Figure 17). Statistics and visual inspection indicate that surveys H13617 and H13687 are in general agreement. Fraction of allowable error surface difference comparison in color between H13617 and H13687, plotted over ENC US4OH01M. SupportFiles\Junction_Comparison_H13687-H13617.png Close-up view of the fraction of allowable error surface difference comparison in color between H13617 and H13687, plotted over ENC US4OH01M. SupportFiles\Junction_Comparison_H13687-H13617_CloseUp.png H13617 and H13687 surface difference comparison statistics. SupportFiles\H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final-H13687_MB_2m_LWD_depth_delta.png H13617 and H13687 fraction of allowable error statistics. SupportFiles\H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final-H13687_MB_2m_LWD_fracAllowErr_Freq.png Sonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR. None Exist There were no conditions or deficiencies that affected equipment operational effectiveness. Sound Speed Refraction H13617 is located in an area that exhibits intense thermal stratification in the water column. This thermal layering greatly affects sound speed and results in refraction that can be observed in the MBES surface (Figure 18). The impacts on sounding depth accuracy are within allowable uncertainty standards, as outlined in the 2022 HSSD. Example of the impact of sound speed seen throughout H13617 in subset editor, with the surface shown at 10x vertical exaggeration. SupportFiles\SVP issues.png Casts to acquire sound velocity profiles were conducted using a MVP-200 and a Seabird SeaCat 19+ V2 CTD at the start of each acquisition day and at a minimum of once every four hours during acquisition. Cast frequency was increased in areas where a change in surface sound speed of greater than two meters per second was detected. All sound speed methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. A total of 258 sound speed profiles were collected within the survey limits of H13617 and display good spatial diversity (Figure 19). One of these casts was located outside of the sheet limits, not more than 500m away, and displays a profile representative of the area. All sound speed profile data were concatenated into a master file for the sheet. MBES data were corrected by applying profiles taken nearest in distance within time (4 hours) using this master file. Overview of all sound speed casts collected on H13617. Cast locations shown as red targets overlaid on greyscale 300kHz backscatter mosaic. SupportFiles\H13617_SVP_Casts_over_Backscatter_mosaic.png Complete coverage requirements were met by 100% complete coverage MBES as specified under section Section 5.2.2.3, Option A of the 2022 HSSD. Vessel S222 was outfitted with a Kongsberg EM2040 MBES system, and was used to acquire 100% complete coverage MBES, crosslines, developments, and holidays. All data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR. All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR. All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. Raw MBES backscatter was flagged as part of the .all file from the Kongsberg EM2040 systems. Backscatter was processed in the QPS Fledermaus GeoCoder Toolbox (FGMT) software, and the exported geotiffs are included in the final processed data submission package (Figure 20). S222's 300kHz multibeam acoustic backscatter mosaic at 2m resolution. SupportFiles\H13617_Backscatter_Mosaic.png NOAA Profile Version 2022 Feature Object Catalog NOAA Profile Version 2022 was used for all S-57 attribution in the Final Feature File. All other software were used as detailed in the DAPR. H13617_1m_MB_LWD CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 1 10.29 16.94 NOAA_1m Complete MBES H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 1 10.29 16.94 NOAA_1m Complete MBES H13617_MBAB_300kHz_2m_S222_1of1 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Complete MBES H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final uncertainty layer is resolved from the maximum of H13617_MB_1m_LWD nodal TVU and standard deviation values. Complete coverage requirements were met with 100% MBES coverage as specified under section 5.2.2.3 of the 2022 HSSD. A surface with a 1m resolution was created and was found to be an accurate representation of observed bathymetry. The 1m grid was assessed for compliance with the specifications outlined in the 2022 HSSD and was found to meet uncertainty (Section 5.1.3) and density standards (Figure 21). While there are visible gaps in the bathymetric surface in areas of 100% complete MBES coverage, they are not large enough to meet the definition of a holiday for complete coverage requirements. There were no fliers or holidays, other than that mentioned in Section A.4, that exist within the submitted surface as analyzed by NOAA QC Tool Flier Finder available in the Pydro XL-19 suite. H13617 data density standards. SupportFiles\H13617_MB_1m_LWD_Final.QAv6.density.png Field-installed tide and GPS stations were not utilized for this survey. There is no HVCR report included with the submission of H13617. Low Water Datum IGLD-1985 ERS via VDATUM OPR-W386-TJ-22_NAD83_2011_VDatum_LWD_IGLD85 All soundings submitted for H13617 are reduced to LWD IGLD-85 using VDatum techniques as outlined in the DAPR. North American Datum 1983 Projected UTM 17 RTX Trimble-RTX service was used with an Applanix POS MVv5 GNSS_INS system and POSPac MMS software to obtain highly accurate ellipsoidally referenced position data to meet ERS specifications in accordance with the 2022 HSSD for H13617 MBES data from vessel S222. The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) was used for real-time horizontal control during data acquisition on vessel S222. Surveyed soundings were compared against previously charted data on ENC US4OH01M. Depth values were found to be in general agreement with previously charted soundings. US4OH01M 80000 16 2018-04-27 2020-05-15 No shoals or potentially hazardous features exist for this survey. No charted features exist for this survey. A total of five uncharted features were identified and investigated using 100% complete coverage MBES. None of the features were considered to be Dangers to Navigation (DTONs). Reference the Final Feature File included with the submission of this project for further information. No channels exist for this survey. There are no designated anchorages, precautionary areas, safety fairways, traffic separation schemes, pilot boarding areas, or channel and range lines within the survey limits. No Aids to navigation (ATONs) exist for this survey. No Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey. A total of nine bottom samples were assigned for investigation. However, the hydrographer chose to collect nine bottom samples in alternate locations within the sheet guided by differences observed in the backscatter intensity, possibly representing different types of bottom substrate. These nine bottom samples were investigated and included in the Final Feature File (Figure 22). H13617 bottom sample locations plotted over H13617 backscatter data. SupportFiles\H13617_BottomSamples_over_Backscatter_mosaic.png No overhead features exist for this survey. No submarine features exist for this survey. No platforms exist for this survey. No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey. Many large piles of sediment were found throughout H13617, particularly in three areas of the sheet (Figure 23). These piles are not large enough to qualify as DtoNs. The sediment mounds appear to be anthropogenic in origin and possibly the leftovers from dredging. Three main areas in H13617 with many piles of sediment, possibly dredging spoils, are surrounded by blue rectangles. The surface is shown at 10x vertical exaggeration. On the right is an example of a few piles of sediment seen in subset editor. SupportFiles\Dredge Spoils.png No present or planned construction or dredging exist within the survey limits. No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area. No new ENC scales are recommended for this area. As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports. All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch. The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report. Matthew J. Jaskoski, CDR/NOAA Chief of Party 2022-10-20 Michelle M. Levano, LT/NOAA Field Operations Officer 2022-10-20 Chloe E. Arboleda Chief Survey Technician 2022-10-20 Sophia Caradine-Taber Sheet Manager 2022-10-20