OPR-W387-TJ-22 Detroit River Detroit River NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson (S222) H13679 3 To be assigned as project time allows. Bar Point to Fighting Island Michigan United States 5000 2022 Matthew J. Jaskoski, CDR/NOAA Navigable Area 2022-04-19 2022-08-17 2022-08-22 Multibeam Echo Sounder Multibeam Echo Sounder Backscatter meters UTC Atlantic Hydrographic Branch Any revisions to the Descriptive Report (DR) applied during office processing are shown in red italic text. The DR is maintained as a field unit product, therefore all information and recommendations within this report are considered preliminary unless otherwise noted. The final disposition of survey data is represented in the NOAA nautical chart products. All pertinent records for this survey are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and can be retrieved via https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/. Products created during office processing were generated in NAD83 UTM 17N, LWD-IGLD 1985. All references to other horizontal or vertical datums in this report are applicable to the processed hydrographic data provided by the field unit. CC0-1.0 (NOAA Field Units) CC0-1.0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode These data were produced by NOAA and are in the public domain within the United States. NOAA waives any potential copyright and related rights in these data worldwide through the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0). NOAA Survey H13679, located in the Detroit River, MI within the sub locality of Bar Point to Fighting Island was conducted in accordance with the coverage requirements set forth in the project instructions (PIs) OPR-W387-TJ-22. 42.25508888888889 83.14759444444445 42.15575277777778 83.10524166666666 Survey layout for H13679, plotted over RNC 14848. Lavender area and grey outline represents the survey area set forth by the project instructions. Black box represents data extents. Coverage shown in color. SupportFiles\A.1_Survey_Limits.png Survey limits for H13679 were modified with the Project Manager's approval to maximize operational efficiency and account for the areas currently surveyed and maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). In addition large portions of the assigned survey limits were not addressed due to operational time constraints (Figure 1). See section A.4. for further information. The Detroit River divides the metropolitan areas of Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario and contains a portion of the border between the United States and Canada. Flowing 28 miles from Lake St. Clair into Lake Erie, the waterway serves as a critical transportation route connecting various ports along the Great Lakes handling approximately 1,500 passages or 80 million tons of cargo annually (1). The Port of Detroit serves as a top 20 port for dry bulk products (2) and provides approximately 16,000 jobs to southeast Michigan (1). The river is crossed numerous times by bridges and tunnels and ferries of critical importance to regional and international trade and travel between Canada and the United States. The Detroit River hosts islands, marshes, and structures dating back to the colonization of the area in the 1700’s. There are numerous wrecks, ruins, and other potential hazards outside of the USACE maintained channels. These areas outside of the USACE maintained channels have not been adequately surveyed with modern technology and present a critical surveying need. This project represents a portion of the NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson's planned FY22 work in the Great Lakes region. Survey data from this project is intended to supersede all prior survey data in the common area. 1: https://www.freightwaves.com/news/freightwaves-classics-port-of-detroit-is-an-economic-enginefor-the-region 2: https://www.bts.gov/ports The entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data. Data acquired in H13679 meet 100% multibeam echo sounder (MBES) coverage requirements for object detection, as required by the 2022 HSSD. This includes crosslines (see section B.2.1), NOAA allowable uncertainty (see Section B.2.2), and density requirements (see Section B.5.2). All waters in survey area Object Detection (Refer to HSSD Section 5.2.2.2) All waters in survey area Acquire backscatter data during all multibeam data acquisition (Refer to the HSSD Section 6.2) Survey coverage is in accordance with requirements listed in Table 2 and the 2022 HSSD. Coverage requirements were met with 100% object detection MBES coverage. Large areas within the survey limits were not acquired due to operational time constraints. Surveyors prioritized continuous coverage within sheet limits beginning on the north end of the survey area which junctions with sheet H13618, which is also within the OPR-W387-TJ-22 project (Figure 2). Sheet limits did not include dredged channels surveyed by the USACE. Where collected, coverage was acquired to the inshore limit of hydrography, the Navigational Area Limit Line (NALL). Areas where survey coverage did not meet the 3.5-meter depth contour, nor the assigned sheet limits were due to the survey vessel reaching the extent of safe navigation or due to operational time constraints (Figure 3). Fifteen gaps in coverage exist within sheet H13679 (Figure 4). Three gaps exist due to reaching the NALL near islands. Twelve gaps exist because the channels were not included in sheet limits, however they were crossed while collecting data during crossline acquisition. No holidays exist in this survey. H13679 MBES coverage and assigned survey limits. SupportFiles\A.4_MBESCoverage.png H13679 coverage in relation to the NALL. SupportFiles\A.4_NALL_Coverage.png Overview of areas lacking coverage, outlined in bottle green, in sheet H13679. SupportFiles\A.4_CoverageGaps.png 2904 0.0 95.37 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.92 0.0 S3007 0.0 86.26 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.64 0.0 0.0 181.63 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.56 0.0 3.99 0 0 0 0 1.96 2022-08-17 2022-08-18 2022-08-20 2022-08-22 Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in the following sections. 2904 8.5 1.2 S3007 10.38 0.6 Thomas Jefferson Launch 2904 SupportFiles\B.1_2904.jpg NRT-5 Vessel S3007 SupportFiles\B.1_S3007.jpg Sound Speed System AML Oceanographic Micro SV-Xchange Positioning and Attitude System Applanix POS MV 320 v5 MBES Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040 MBES Backscatter Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040 MBES Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040C MBES Backscatter Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040C Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 19plus V2 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor SonTek CastAway-CTD Sound Speed System Teledyne RESON SVP 70 Hydrographic Survey Launch (HSL) 2904 and Navigation Response Team-5 (NRT-5) S3007 collected a total of 7.56 linear nautical miles of MBES crosslines or 3.99% of mainscheme MBES data. The crosslines acquired represent good spatial and depth diversity for this survey area (Figure 7). A Single Resolution (SR) 50cm Combined Uncertainty and Bathymetry Estimator (CUBE) surface of mainscheme data and a SR 50cm CUBE surface of crossline data were differenced - the resulting mean was 0.00m with a standard deviation of 0.06m (Figure 8). Although the fractional allowable error has a large range, more than 99.5% of nodes are within the allowable error fraction (Figure 9). Visual inspection of the difference surface indicated no systematic issues. Overview of H13679 crossline distribution by geography and depth, shown in color, overlaid on mainscheme data shown in greyscale. SupportFiles\B.2.1_XL_Overview.png H13679 crossline/mainscheme comparison statistics. SupportFiles\B.2.1_XL_DepthStats.png H13679 crossline fraction of allowable error statistics. SupportFiles\B.2.1_XL_FracAllowErr.png ERS via VDATUM 0.0 0.045 2904 4.0 N/A N/A 0.2 S3007 2.0 N/A N/A 0.5 The bathymetric surface's uncertainty layer is compliant with the 2022 HSSD uncertainty standards. Over 99.5% of all nodes pass uncertainty standards (Figure 10). H13679 uncertainty standards. SupportFiles\B.2.2_DataUncertainty.png Survey H13679 junctions with one contemporary survey, H13618 within the OPR-W387-TJ-22 project, conducted by NOAA ship Thomas Jefferson. H13618 5000 2022 Thomas Jefferson N The northern edge of sheet H13679 junctions with contemporary survey H13618 from project OPR-W387-TJ-22. A 50cm SR CUBE surface of H13679 data and a 50cm SR CUBE surface of H13618 data were differenced (Figure 11). The mean difference between bathymetric surface nodes was 0.02 m with a standard deviation of 0.05 m (Figure 12). More than 99.9% of nodes are within the allowable error fraction (Figure 13). Statistics and visual inspection indicate that surveys H13679 and H13618 are in general agreement. Overview of survey junction between H13679 and H13618. SupportFiles\B.2.3_JunctionOverview.png H13618 and H13679 surface difference comparison statistics. SupportFiles\B.2.3_JunctionDiffStats.png H13618 and H13679 fraction of allowable error node distribution. SupportFiles\B.2.3_JunctionFracAllowErrStats.png Sonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR. None Exist There were no conditions or deficiencies that affected equipment operational effectiveness. Dense Vegetation While conducting survey operations, field personnel reported dense patches of vegetation throughout all of sheet H13679 (Figure 14). The majority of the vegetation was on the edges of the river and in shallower portions of the sheet, generally 3.5m or less. After consulting with personnel at the Atlantic Hydrographic Branch, conservative cleaning efforts were made to reject the vegetation from being included in the delivered surfaces. There were nine large areas of survey coverage where the density of the vegetation obscured the lake bed. Rather than attempting to discern the location of the bottom, the hydrographer took the more conservative approach and completely rejected sounding data from these areas. The vegetated areas span across the entire covered area, but the most significant are the areas around the northern end of Fighting Island, near Mud Island and Grassy Island to the east of Fighting Island (Figure 15). Example area of dense vegetation shown in a 3D point cloud and multibeam imagery in sheet H13679 northeast of Mud Island. WEDKLP area outlined in fuchsia, original tracklines shown in black. SupportFiles\B.2.6_VegetatedZoom.png Large areas of dense vegetation rejected from submitted surfaces outlined in fuchsia. Areas around Mud Island and Grassy Island. SupportFiles\B.2.6_VegetatedAreaOverview.png Static casts were conducted at the start of acquisition each day and at a minimum of every four hours during launch acquisition. Static cast frequency was increased in areas where a change in surface sound speed greater than two meters per second existed. All sound speed methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. A total of 20 sound speed profiles were collected within the survey limits of H13679 and display good spatial diversity. Nine of these casts were located outside of the sheet limits, not more than 100m away, and display profiles representative of the area (Figure 16). All sound speed profile data were concatenated into a master file of the sheet. MBES data were corrected by applying profiles nearest in the distance in time (4 hours) using this master file. H13679 cast locations shown in lava. SupportFiles\B.2.7_CastLocations.png All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. All data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR. All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR. All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. Raw MBES backscatter was logged as part of the .all file from the Kongsberg EM2040 systems. Backscatter was processed in the QPS Fledermaus GeoCoder Toolbox (FMGT) software, and the exported geotiffs are included in the final processed data submission package (Figures 17 and 18). 300kHz backscatter mosaic from data acquired by 2904. SupportFiles\B.4_2904_Backscatter.png 300kHz backscatter mosaic from data acquired by S3007. SupportFiles\B.4_NRT_Backscatter.png NOAA Profile Version 2022 H13679_MB_50cm_LWD MB Backscatter Mosaic 0.5 0.5 14.58 NOAA_0.5m Object Detection H13679_MB_50cm_LWD_Final CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 0.5 0.5 14.58 NOAA_0.5m Object Detection H13679_MBAB_2m_2904_300kHz_1of2 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Object Detection H13679_MBAB_2m_S3007_300kHz_2of2 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Object Detection Object detection requirements were met with 100% object detection MBES coverage as specified under section 5.2.2.2 of the 2022 HSSD. All bathymetric grids for H13679 meet density requirements per the 2022 HSSD (Figure 19). Additionally, after multiple rounds of cleaning, a total of 696 fliers remain as detected by NOAA's QC Tool Flier Finder available in the Pydro CL-19 suite. The hydrographer reviewed the flagged nodes and considers them to be accurate representations of the lake bed. H13679 data density standards. SupportFiles\B.5_DataDensity.png Field installed tide and GPS stations were not utilized for this survey. There is no HVCR report included with the submission of H13679. Low Water Datum IGLD-1985 ERS via VDATUM OPR-W386-TJ-22_NAD83_2011_VDatum_LWD_IGLD85 North American Datum 1983 Projected UTM 17 RTX Trimble PP-RTX service was used with an Applanix POS MV v5 system and POSPac MMS software for ERS control in accordance with the HSSD for H13679 MBES data from vessels 2904 and S3007. The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) was used for real-time horizontal control during data acquisition on vessels HSL 2904 and S3007. US5MI22M 15000 25 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 US5MI28M 15000 6 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Survey soundings were compared against previously charted data on ENC's US5MI22M and US5MI28M. Depth values were found to be in general agreement with previously charted soundings across most of the survey area. However, differences in soundings were observed in between Hennepin Point and Grassy Island, west of Fighting Island. The largest discrepancy in soundings was found on the eastern edge of a shoal extending towards dredged areas where there is a least depth surveyed sounding of 2.45 m between a 6.7 m and 9.4 m charted soundings; however the shoal is outside of the recommended traffic routes (Figure 20). The hydrographer does not believe these changes pose an immediate danger to navigation. A total of 21 newly discovered features are included in the Final Feature File (FFF) and none were considered to be navigational hazards. No danger to navigation (DTON) reports were submitted for this survey and all data acquired on H13679 are recommended to supersede prior data. Shoalest surveyed sounding (2.45 m) shown between 6.7 m and 9.4 m soundings to the north and south, respectively. Dredged areas shown by light grey dotted areas. SupportFiles\D.1.2_ShoalFeature.png Limited shoreline verification was conducted in accordance with applicable sections of NOAA 2022 HSSD and FPM using the Project Reference File (PRF) and Composite Source File (CSF) provided with the Project Instructions. In the field, 28 assigned features were safe to approach and were addressed as required with S-57 attribution and recorded in the H13679 FFF to best represent the features at survey scale within the operational time constraints. Reference the Final Feature File for further information. A total of 21 features were identified, investigated and are recommended for charting. None of them are considered dangerous to navigation and no DTON reports were submitted for this survey. Nine weed/kelp areas were determined and recommended for charting. Reference the Final Feature File for further information. No channels exist for this survey. There are no designated anchorages, precautionary areas, safety fairways, traffic separation schemes, pilot boarding areas, or channel and range lines within the survey limits. Aids to navigation (ATONs) exist for this survey, but were not investigated. No Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey. No bottom samples were acquired for this survey due to operational time constraints. No overhead features exist for this survey. Nineteen assigned and five new pipelines are within H13679. Unburied pipelines were reported to the National Pipeline Mapping System (NPMS) and the Marine Chart Division (MCD). Reference the FFF for further information. No platforms exist for this survey. No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey. No abnormal seafloor or environmental conditions exist for this survey. No present or planned construction or dredging exist within the survey limits. No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area. No new ENC scales are recommended for this area. As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports. All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch. The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report. Matthew J. Jaskoski, CDR/NOAA Commanding Officer 2023-01-30 Sydney M. Catoire, LT/NOAA Operations Officer 2023-01-30 Erin K. Cziraki Chief Survey Technician 2023-01-30 Sarah G. Thompson Sheet Manager 2023-01-30