OPR-W386-TJ-22 Approaches to Cleveland, OH Lake Erie NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson (S222) H13682 14 Cleveland Ohio United States 10000 2022 Matthew J. Jaskoski, CDR/NOAA Navigable Area 2022-08-02 2022-08-18 2022-09-21 Multibeam Echo Sounder Multibeam Echo Sounder Backscatter meters UTC Atlantic Hydrographic Branch Any revisions to the Descriptive Report (DR) applied during office processing are shown in red italic text. The DR is maintained as a field unit product, therefore all information and recommendations within this report are considered preliminary unless otherwise noted. The final disposition of survey data is represented in the NOAA nautical chart products. All pertinent records for this survey are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and can be retrieved via https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/. Products created during office processing were generated in NAD83 UTM 17N, LWD-IGLD 1985. All references to other horizontal or vertical datums in this report are applicable to the processed hydrographic data provided by the field unit. CC0-1.0 (NOAA Field Units) CC0-1.0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode These data were produced by NOAA and are in the public domain within the United States. NOAA waives any potential copyright and related rights in these data worldwide through the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0). NOAA Survey H13682, located in Lake Erie, in the vicinity of Cleveland OH, was conducted in accordance with coverage requirements set forth in the Project Instructions (PI) OPR-W386-TJ-22 (Figure 1). 41.765 81.93166666666667 41.58166666666667 81.5975 Survey layout for H13682, plotted over ENC US4OH01M. Black outline represents the survey limits set forth by the Project Instructions, red box represents survey extents. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/A.1%20survey_limits.png Survey limits were acquired in accordance with the requirements in the Project Instructions and the 2022 HSSD. The Port of Cleveland is one of the largest ports on the Great Lakes and ranks within the top 50 ports in the United States. Roughly 13 million tons of cargo are transported through Cleveland Harbor each year supporting over 20,000 jobs and $3.5 billion in annual economic activity (1). This project will provide modern bathymetric data for the Cleveland area as well as the vicinity of South Bass Island and Presque Isle. The project area was identified as a statistically significant hot spot within the 2018 hydrographic health model, a risk model that Coast Survey uses for evaluating priorities based upon navigational risks and the necessary quality of data to support modern traffic. Most of this area has not been surveyed since the 1940s, and experiences significant vessel traffic. Conducting a modern bathymetric survey in this area will identify hazards and changes to the seafloor, provide critical data for updating National Ocean Service (NOS) nautical charting products and improve maritime safety. Survey data from this project is intended to supersede all prior survey data in the common area. 1. https://www.portofcleveland.com/ The entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data. Complete coverage requirements were met utilizing 100% multibeam echo sounder (MBES) coverage as specified by the 2022 HSSD. Data acquired in H13682 meet survey quality standards specified in the 2022 HSSD, including crosslines (see Section B.2.1), NOAA allowable uncertainty (see Section B.2.2), and density requirements (see Section B.5.2). All waters in survey area Complete Coverage (Refer to HSSD Section 5.2.2.3) All waters in survey area Acquire backscatter data during all multibeam data acquisition (Refer to the HSSD Section 6.2) Survey coverage was in accordance with the requirements listed above and in the 2022 HSSD (Figure 2). There are no holidays present in the acquired MBES coverage. Coverage achieved for H13682 shown in color. Black outline is assigned sheet limits. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/A.4%20Survey%20Coverage.png S222 0.0 1996.81 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 96.84 0.0 DriX-12 0.0 170.26 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2903 0.0 16.56 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2183.63 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 96.84 0.0 4.43 5 0 0 0 55.79 2022-08-18 2022-08-19 2022-08-20 2022-08-21 2022-08-22 2022-08-23 2022-09-05 2022-09-06 2022-09-07 2022-09-08 2022-09-09 2022-09-12 2022-09-13 2022-09-14 2022-09-15 2022-09-16 2022-09-17 2022-09-20 2022-09-21 Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in the following sections. DriX-12 7.7 2.0 S222 63.4 4.6 2903 8.5 1.2 NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson S222 file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.1%20S222.jpg Thomas Jefferson Launch 2903 file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.1%202903.jpg Autonomous Survey Vehicle DriX-12 file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.1%20drix.jpg MBES Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040 MBES Backscatter Kongsberg Maritime EM 2040 Positioning and Attitude System Applanix POS MV 320 v5 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 19plus V2 Sound Speed System Teledyne RESON SVP 70 Sound Speed System AML Oceanographic MVP200 Sound Speed System Valeport Thru-Hull SVS Positioning and Attitude System iXblue Unknown Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor Valeport SWiFT SVP Sound Speed System Valeport MiniSVS Refer to the DAPR for a complete description of systems and equipment used by S222, 2903, and DriX-12. S222 collected 96.84 linear nautical miles of MBES crosslines or 4.11% of mainscheme MBES data. The crosslines acquired represent good spatial and depth diversity for this survey area (Figure 6). A variable resolution (VR) Combined Uncertainty and Bathymetry Estimator (CUBE) surface of mainscheme data and a VR CUBE surface of crossline data were differenced - the resulting mean was 0.02m with a standard deviation of 0.06m (Figure 7). Over 99.5% of nodes are compliant with fraction of allowable error standards (Figure 8). Visual inspection of the difference surface indicated no systematic issues. Overview of H13682 crossline distribution by geography colored by IHO's fraction of allowable error. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2%20XL_comparison.png H13682 crossline/mainscheme comparison statistics. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2%20XL%20Stats.png H13682 crossline fraction of allowable error statistics. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2%20H13682_XL_fracAllowErr_Freq.png ERS via VDATUM 0.0 0.045 S222 4 4 N/A 0.2 2903 4 N/A N/A 0.2 DriX-12 4 N/A N/A 0.2 The bathymetric surface's uncertainty layer is compliant with 2022 HSSD uncertainty standards. 100% of all nodes pass uncertainty standards (Figure 9). H13682 uncertainty standards. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.2%20Uncertainty%20Stats.png Survey H13682 junctions with contemporary surveys H13615, H13616 and H13687 within the OPR-W386-TJ-22 project (Figure 10). Information regarding junction analysis with H13615 and H13616 can be found below. Reference the Descriptive Report for H13687 for more details regarding junction analysis with this sheet. Overview of contemporary surveys which junction with H13682. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20Junction%20Overview.png H13687 10000 2022 Thomas Jefferson SW Refer to the Descriptive Report for H13687 for information on the results of the junction analysis. H13615 10000 2022 Thomas Jefferson SE The southern edge of H13682 junctions with sheet H13615 (Figure 11). A 1m SR CUBE surface of H13682 data and a 1m SR CUBE surface of H13615 were differenced. The mean difference between bathymetric surface nodes was 0.05m with a standard deviation of 0.06m (Figure 12). Statistics and visual inspection indicate that surveys H13682 and H13615 are in general agreement (Figure 13). Fraction of allowable error surface difference comparison in color between H13682 and H13615. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20H13682-H13615_junction.png H13682 and H13615 surface difference comparison statistics. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20H13682-H13615%20Dif%20Stats.png H13682 and H13615 fraction of allowable error statistics. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20H13682-H13615%20Frac%20Error.png H13616 5000 2022 Thomas Jefferson S The southwestern edge of H13682 junctions with sheet H13616 (Figure 14). A VR CUBE surface of H13682 data and a VR CUBE surface of H13616 data were differenced. The mean difference between bathymetric surface nodes was 0.01m with a standard deviation of 0.02m (Figure 15). Statistics and visual inspection indicate that surveys H13682 and H13616 are in general agreement (Figure 16). Fraction of allowable error surface difference comparison in color between H13682 and H13616. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20H13682-H13616_junction.png H13682 and H13616 surface difference comparison statistics. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20H13682-H13616%20Dif%20Stats.png H13682 and H13616 fraction of allowable error statistics. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.3%20H13682-H13616%20Frac%20Error.png Sonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR. None Exist There were no conditions or deficiencies that affected equipment operational effectiveness. Refraction Caused by Thermal Layering H13682 is located in an area of Lake Erie Northeast of Cleveland that exhibits intense thermal stratification. This layering greatly affects sound speed (Figure 17) and results in refraction that can be observed in the MBES surface (Figure 18). The effect of refraction does not offset the data greater than the allowable TVU for the survey area (0.53-0.56m). Example of conductivity, temperature, and sound speed profiles collected on H13682 showing the effect of temperature on sound speed. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.6%20factors_affecting_sound_speed.png Example of refraction observed in H13682. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.6%20exagerated_smile_crosssection.png Conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) casts were conducted at the start of acquisition each day and at a minimum of once every four hours during acquisition using a SeaBird Seacat 19+ V2 CTD, an MVP 200 system, and a Valeport SWiFT CTD. Cast frequency was increased in areas where a change in surface sound speed greater than two meters per second was observed. MVP casts on S222 were conducted at an average interval of 45 minutes, guided by observation of the surface sound speed and targeted to deeper areas. All sound speed methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. A total of 202 sound speed profiles were collected as part of acquisition of H13682 and display good spatial diversity (Figure 19). Five of these casts were located outside of the sheet limits, not more than 250m away, and display profiles representative of the area. Three casts are up to 1600m outside assigned survey limits, but these profiles are not applied to the survey data set. All sound speed profile data were concatenated into a master file for the sheet. MBES data were corrected by applying profiles nearest in distance in time (4 hours) using this master file. Overview of all CTD casts collected on H13682. Cast locations shown as orange targets overlaid on greyscale MBES data. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.2.7%20svp_cast_locations.png Complete coverage requirements were met by 100% complete coverage MBES as specified under section 5.2.2.3 of the 2022 HSSD. Launch 2903 and autonomous survey vehicle DriX-12 are both outfitted with Kongsberg EM2040 MBES systems and were primarily used to acquire 100% complete coverage MBES. Vessel S222 was outfitted with a Kongsberg EM2040 MBES system and was primarily used to acquire 100% complete coverage MBES, crosslines, developments, and holidays. All data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR. All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR. All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. Raw MBES backscatter was logged as part of the .all file from the Kongsberg EM2040 systems. Backscatter was processed in QPS Fledermaus GeoCoder Toolbox (FMGT) software, and the exported geotiffs are included in the final processed data submission package (Figures 20-22). 300kHz backscatter mosaic from data acquired by S-222. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.4%20S222%20Backscatter.png 300kHz backscatter mosaic from data acquired by 2903. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.4%202903%20Backscatter.png 300kHz backscatter mosaic from data acquired by DriX-12. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.4%20Drix%20Backscatter.png NOAA Profile Version 2022 Feature Object Catalog NOAA Profile Version 2022 was used for all S-57 attribution in the Final Feature File (FFF). All other software were used as detailed in the DAPR. H13682_MB_VR_LWD CARIS VR Surface (CUBE) Variable Resolution 14.95 21.39 NOAA_VR Complete MBES H13682_MB_VR_LWD_Final CARIS VR Surface (CUBE) Variable Resolution 14.95 21.39 NOAA_VR Complete MBES H13682_MBAB_2m_S222_300kHz_1of3 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Complete MBES H13615_MBAB_2m_2903_300kHz_2of3 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Complete MBES H13615_MBAB_2m_Drix_300kHz_3of3 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Complete MBES Complete coverage requirements were met by 100% complete coverage MBES as specified under section 5.2.2.2 of the 2022 HSSD. All bathymetric grids for H13682 meet density requirements per the 2022 HSSD (Figure 23). H13682 data density standards. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/B.5%20Density%20Stats.png No Horizontal and Vertical Control Report (HVCR) is required for this survey. Low Water Datum IGLD-1985 ERS via VDATUM OPR-W386-TJ-22_NAD83_2011_VDatum_LWD_IGLD85 All soundings submitted for H13682 are reduced to LWD IGLD-85 using VDatum techniques as outlined in the DAPR. North American Datum 1983 Projected UTM 17 GrafNav PPP service was used with a dual frequency Septentrio GNSS system to obtain highly accurate ellipsoidally referenced position data to meet ERS specifications for H13682 MBES data collected by DriX-12. Trimble-RTX service was used with an Applanix POS MVv5 GNSS_INS system to obtain highly accurate ellipsoidally referenced position data to meet ERS specifications for H13682 MBES data from vessels S222 and 2903. The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) was used for real-time horizontal control during data acquisition on vessels S222, 2903, and DriX-12. US4OH01M 180000 17 2022-03-31 2022-07-27 Surveyed soundings and contours were compared against previously charted data on ENC US4OH01M. Depth values were found to be in general agreement with previously charted soundings. Two features present on the ENC have been recommended for deletion. No danger to navigation reports were submitted for this survey and all data acquired on H13682 are recommended to supersede prior data. A total of two features were assigned for investigation. Based on the H13682 data, both were deemed appropriate for deletion. Reference the Final Feature File included with the submission of this project for further information. Additionally, a charted dumping ground exists within the survey limits that was not assigned for investigation. However, after examination of the bathymetric data from both H13682 and junctioning survey H13615, the hydrographer believes there is evidence of the dumping ground approximately 1.5 nautical miles to the south (Figure 24). The least depth in the observed area is greater than the minimum provided in the charted feature and does not pose a navigational hazard. Bathymetric surfaces from H13682 and H13615 shown in color on Chart US4OH01M. Location of charted dumping ground outlined in black, location of potentially observed dumping ground outlined in yellow. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/D.1.3.%20Dump%20Ground.png A total of two uncharted features were identified and investigated using 100% complete MBES coverage. Neither of these features were considered dangerous to navigation. Reference the Final Feature File included with the submission of this project for more information. No channels exist for this survey. There are no designated anchorages, precautionary areas, safety fairways, traffic separation schemes, pilot boarding areas, or channel and range lines within the survey limits. No Aids to navigation (ATONs) exist for this survey. No Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey. Five bottom sample locations were assigned for investigation (Figures 25 and 26). Details regarding bottom sample attribution can be found in the Final Feature File. Overview of locations of bottom samples collected on H13682 shown as orange targets overlayed on the combined backscatter mosaic. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/D.2.3%20BS%20Locations.png Example of typical H13682 bottom sample. file:///Q:/OPR-W386-TJ-22/Surveys/H13682/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/D.2.3%20BS%20Example.JPG No overhead features exist for this survey. No submarine features exist for this survey. No platforms exist for this survey. No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey. No abnormal seafloor or environmental conditions exist for this survey. No present or planned construction or dredging exist within the survey limits. No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area. No new ENC scales are recommended for this area. As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports. All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch. The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report. Matthew J. Jaskoski, CDR/NOAA Commanding Officer 2023-02-28 Sydney M. Catoire, LT/NOAA Field Operations Officer 2023-02-28 Kevin J. Suarez and Erin K. Cziraki, NOAA Sheet Manager 2023-02-28