OPR-Y398-KR-23 Southwestern Lake Michigan, WI/IL Southwestern Lake Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois Ocean Surveys H13814 7 5 NM Southeast of Waukegan Breakwater Light Illinois United States 5000 2023 John R. Bean Navigable Area 2023-07-07 2023-07-15 2023-09-30 Multibeam Echo Sounder Multibeam Echo Sounder Backscatter meters UTC Atlantic Hydrographic Branch Any revisions to the Descriptive Report (DR) applied during office processing are shown in red italic text. The DR is maintained as a field unit product, therefore all information and recommendations within this report are considered preliminary unless otherwise noted. The final disposition of survey data is represented in the NOAA nautical chart products. All pertinent records for this survey are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and can be retrieved via https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/. Products created during office processing were generated in NAD83 UTM 16N, LWD. All references to other horizontal or vertical datums in this report are applicable to the processed hydrographic data provided by the field unit. CC0-1.0 (NOAA Contractors) CC0-1.0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode These data were produced under contract with NOAA and any potential copyright was assigned to NOAA. NOAA waives any potential copyright and related rights in these data worldwide through the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0). Contractor This survey provides hydrographic data for waters in southwestern Lake Michigan. The general locations of the survey limits are presented in Table 1. 42.382223 87.821112 42.185903999999994 87.68626400000001 Survey limits were acquired in accordance with the requirements in the Project Instructions and the HSSD. This project is located in Southwestern Lake Michigan and extends from northern Milwaukee to the suburbs of northern Chicago. The Port of Milwaukee is the only port on Lake Michigan that serves the Mississippi inland riverway system, which generates over $1M in revenue for the local economy (1). The region experiences high recreational, commercial, and tourism traffic, including cruise ships and ferries. The majority of existing chart data in this survey area predates the 1950s, while the Milwaukee region was last surveyed in the 1970s. Conducting a modern bathymetric survey in this region will provide critical data for updating National Ocean Service (NOS) charting products and services, thus increasing maritime safety for the southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois shorelines. (1) https://www.freightwaves.com/news/freightwaves-classics-port-of-milwaukee-serves-thegreat-lakes-and-us-inland-waterway-system The entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data. All waters in survey area Complete Coverage (HSSD 5.2.2.3) UCF-designated anchorage areas Object Detection Coverage (HSSD 5.2.2.2) Survey coverage was in accordance with the requirements listed above and in the HSSD. Project OPR-Y398-KR-23 coverage with H13814 highlighted. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814-Overview.jpg RV North Cove 0.0 1239.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 64.0 0.0 RV South Cove 0.0 484.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 1724.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.3 0.0 3.8 5 0 0 0 36.2 2023-07-15 2023-07-16 2023-07-17 2023-07-18 2023-07-21 2023-08-26 2023-08-27 2023-08-28 2023-08-29 2023-08-31 2023-09-01 2023-09-02 2023-09-03 2023-09-04 2023-09-05 2023-09-06 2023-09-09 2023-09-10 2023-09-11 2023-09-13 2023-09-14 2023-09-15 2023-09-16 2023-09-20 2023-09-21 2023-09-22 2023-09-23 2023-09-29 2023-09-30 Refer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisition and processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures, and data processing methods. Additional information to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR, are discussed in the following sections. RV North Cove 11.1 0.8 RV South Cove 9.4 0.8 RV North Cove configured for survey operations. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/NC-overview.png RV South Cove configured for survey operations. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/SC-overview.jpg MBES Teledyne RESON SeaBat T50-R Positioning and Attitude System Applanix POS MV 320 v5 Positioning System Trimble NetR9 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor AML Oceanographic AML-3 LGR Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Sensor AML Oceanographic MVP30 Sound Speed System AML Oceanographic Micro SV-Xchange Crossline mileage in H13814 totaled 3.8% of the mainscheme survey miles. Agreement between crosslines and mainscheme bathymetry was very good, with a mean difference of 0.03m in the 1m resolution surface. Crossline tracks overlaid on a coverage surface. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814-XL.jpg Depth differences between mainscheme and crossline data. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814-Main_MB_1m-H13814-XL_MB_1m_depth_delta.png ERS via VDATUM 0.0 0.045 RV North Cove 4 4 1 RV South Cove 4 1 The HydrOffice "QC Tools" application was used to calculate TVU QC, determined by a ratio of uncertainty to the allowable error per NOAA and IHO specifications. A set of single resolution surfaces were finalized in CARIS HIPS using the "uncertainty" option to select the combination of a priori and realtime uncertainty estimates as the surface TVU source. The surfaces passed the uncertainty check, with 99.5+% or 100% of nodes meeting the uncertainty standards. Uncertainty standards, 50cm resolution object detection coverage. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_50cm_LWD_Final.GQv6.tvu_qc.png Uncertainty standards, 1m resolution complete coverage. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_1m_LWD_Final.GQv6.tvu_qc.png Uncertainty standards, 2m resolution complete coverage. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_2m_LWD_Final.GQv6.tvu_qc.png Survey H13814 junctions with contemporary surveys along its north and south edges. The inshore investigations and western border junction with a prior topobathy lidar dataset. A small overlap at the northeast corner with contemporary survey H13811 is not addressed. H13814 junction map with junction area depth differences. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814-Junction.jpg USACE NCMP Topobathy Lidar 1 2020 JALBTCX W OSI received a preliminary digital elevation model of a recent topobathy lidar dataset that was undergoing review at the time of the PI, and which has since been published. According to the dataset quality notes, acquisition was focused on a swath of shoreline approximately 1500m wide, extending 500m onshore and 1000m offshore (or to laser extinction). All of the inshore investigations and the full length of the western edge of Survey H13814 are within the lidar coverage. The mean difference between the two surveys was 0.15m, with the current survey bathymetry shoaler than the lidar data. The top of a shoal near the center of the junction length had the least difference, while the northern half of the junction area had the largest consistent depth difference. Features, rocks, and bottom texture also showed greater depth discrepancies. Despite this, overall agreement was good with 99.5+% of comparison nodes within the allowable error fraction. Depth differences between H13814 and bathymetric lidar data. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_1m_LWD-Lake_MI_NAD83_2011_UTM16N_IGLD85_LWD_m_Mosaic_depth_delta.png H13810 5000 2023 OSI N The junction with contemporary survey H13810 is discussed in the H13810 DR. H13815 5000 2023 OSI S The junction with contemporary survey H13815 is approximately 6 km long and 200-300m wide. It runs the length of the southern border of Survey H13814. Agreement between the two surveys was good, with a mean difference of 0.01m. Depth differences between surveys H13814 and H13815. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_1m_LWD-H13815_MB_1m_LWD_depth_delta.png Sonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR. None Exist There were no conditions or deficiencies that affected equipment operational effectiveness. Sound Speed Variation Sound speed variations were observed throughout the survey area, correlating to factors including the weather, water depth, and bathymetric features, such as slopes or sand waves. In data processing, sound speed profiles that did not adequately reflect the surrounding water mass were identified and removed, edited, or replaced. Sound speed casts were primarily applied using the CARIS HIPS "Nearest in Distance within Time" method, therefore, removing a profile collected on a steep slope would allow deeper and shoaler casts on either side to be applied instead. Casts that were empirically found to represent a large water zone were duplicated at additional locations within that zone to ensure proper corrections given the cast selection options available in the CARIS sound speed tools. Bathymetry, uncertainty, and standard deviation surfaces were used to direct editing and determine the accuracy of sound speed cast selection. MVP casts were taken approximately every 15-20 minutes by RV North Cove and AML-3 casts were taken at intervals of approximately 30 to 90 minutes by RV North Cove and RV South Cove. RV North Cove made use of both AML-3 and MVP systems on different survey days, while RV South Cove used AML-3 casts exclusively. Hydrographers acquired more frequent sound speed profiles if high variability was noted in the surface sound speed from the AML Micro-X installed on the head of the transducer, or when the surface sound speed comparison threshold was exceeded (>2m/s change) between the profile reading at the draft of the transducer and the Micro-X. OSI submitted a data package titled "SOUND VELOCITY collected from MV Northstar Challenger, RV North Cove, and RV South Cove in southwestern Lake Michigan from 2023-07-15 to 2023-10-05" in NetCDF format to the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) on March 7, 2024. H13814 sound speed cast locations. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814-SVP.jpg The majority of this survey was conducted to achieve Complete Coverage with multibeam, as specified in HSSD 5.2.2.3, Option A. This calls for 100% bathymetric bottom coverage with multibeam sonars, and complete coverage multibeam developments of features. One area within the survey, centered on a charted wreck, was assigned Object Detection Coverage. The wreck was located and coverage on the feature achieved using Object Detection Multibeam Coverage (HSSD 5.2.2.2, Option A). An uncharted obstruction within the wreck search area was also investigated. The survey methods used to meet coverage requirements did not deviate from those described in the DAPR. The HydrOffice "QC Tools" application was used to verify that the grid nodes met the density coverage requirements, with 99.5+% of the nodes meeting the requirement. Data density, 50cm resolution object detection coverage. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_2m_LWD_Final.GQv6.density.png Data density, 1m resolution complete coverage. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_1m_LWD_Final.GQv6.density.png Data density, 2m resolution complete coverage. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814_MB_2m_LWD_Final.GQv6.density.png All data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR. All sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR. All equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR. H13814 backscatter mosaic. file:///B:/OPR-Y398-KR-23/Surveys/H13814/01_HDR/Reports/Descriptive_Report/SupportFiles/H13814-Backscatter.jpg NOAA Profile Version 2023 H13814_MB_50cm_LWD_Final CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 0.5 3.66 7.77 NOAA_0.5m Object Detection H13814_MB_1m_LWD_Final CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 1 0.88 20.0 NOAA_1m Complete MBES H13814_MB_2m_LWD_Final CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 2 18.0 23.37 NOAA_2m Complete MBES H13814_MB_50cm_LWD CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 0.5 3.82 7.77 NOAA_0.5m Object Detection H13814_MB_1m_LWD CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 1 0.88 23.38 NOAA_1m Complete MBES H13814_MB_2m_LWD CARIS Raster Surface (CUBE) 2 0.88 23.37 NOAA_2m Complete MBES H13814_MBAB_2m_400kHZ_1of1 MB Backscatter Mosaic 2 N/A Processed Backscatter Additional information discussing the vertical or horizontal control for this survey can be found in the accompanying HVCR. Low Water Datum IGLD-1985 ERS via VDATUM Vdatum_Coverage_100m_NAD83_2011-LWD_IGLD85_geoid18.csar North American Datum 1983 (2011) Projected UTM 16 Smart Base BURLINGTON BURL ROLLING MEADOWS CCRM HANOVER PARK COOP DP5A WOOD DALE 2 DP6B KARA CO 2 COOP KAR2 KENOSHA KEHA LAKE COUNTY DT LCDT BENTON HARBOR MIBH SOUTH HAVEN MISH SEILER FRWI 2 SIW2 DOWNERGROVE COOP VODG Ocean Surveys Kenosha OSKE CORS stations for this project were drawn from both the NOAA CORS Network, managed by NOAA/National Geodetic Survey, and the WISCORS Network, managed by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation. See the HVCR for discussion and a map of stations labeled by network. US4IL1ZX 90000 1 2023-12-21 2024-01-08 US4IN01M 120000 16 2023-12-21 2023-01-08 There was 1 DTON report submitted for a crib structure that was not charted. See the FFF for details. There were 22 assigned features addressed in H13814, 13 of which were crib obstructions at the end of charted pipelines. There were also 3 snag/stump obstructions, 2 wrecks, and 4 rocks. Most features were found with new positions and geometry, only 4 were disproved. See the FFF for details. There were 18 uncharted features surveyed in H13814; 17 obstructions and 1 wreck. Of the obstructions, most were near shore and associated with visible pipelines and crib structures. See the FFF for details. No channels exist within the survey limits. There were 18 ATONS charted within or near survey H13814. All but 1 of these was observed to be on station; the breakwater light that was not seen is seasonal with the status attribute "periodic/intermittent" and so was not reported to the U.S. Coast Guard. No Maritime Boundary Points were assigned for this survey. There were 5 bottom samples assigned in H13814, all of which were at locations without previously-charted bottom types. The northernmost sample consisted of silt with shells, while the remaining samples were primarily coarse sand, some with shells, gravel, or pebbles in addition to the sand. See the FFF for details. No overhead features exist for this survey. There were 12 charted pipelines that extended from shore into H13814 survey data, 10 of which terminated at a charted crib obstruction and 2 terminated very near a charted crib obstruction. The outdated RNC showed all 12 pipelines terminating at an obstruction. No pipelines appeared to be correctly charted, but 10 were near visible evidence of pipelines and/or crib structures, including 6 pipelines with exposed segments. The exposed segments were reported in the Non-DTON Pipeline Report, and the crib obstructions are detailed in the FFF. No platforms exist for this survey. No ferry routes or terminals exist for this survey. No abnormal seafloor or environmental conditions exist for this survey. No present or planned construction or dredging exist within the survey limits. No new surveys or further investigations are recommended for this area. No new ENC scales are recommended for this area. As Chief of Party, field operations for this hydrographic survey were conducted under my direct supervision, with frequent personal checks of progress and adequacy. I have reviewed the attached survey data and reports. All field sheets, this Descriptive Report, and all accompanying records and data are approved. All records are forwarded for final review and processing to the Processing Branch. The survey data meets or exceeds requirements as set forth in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables, Field Procedures Manual, Letter Instructions, and all HSD Technical Directives. These data are adequate to supersede charted data in their common areas. This survey is complete and no additional work is required with the exception of deficiencies noted in the Descriptive Report. John R. Bean Chief of Party 2024-04-04 David T. Somers Data Processing Manager 2024-04-04